论年龄称谓中的中华传统文化观

On Chinese Traditional Cultural in Age Appellation

年龄称谓是中国古代对人的年龄的非实际数字表达的特定称谓,其命名过程深深打上了中国古代社会、历史、文化的烙印。这些年龄称谓不仅具有知识性,而且反映了中国古人的生命认知,折射着汉民族古老的社会生活状况和文化观念。思维维度表现出直觉体悟、具象托思的传统思维方式;礼仪维度彰显了长幼有序、男女有别的礼仪规范;价值维度体现了引经据典、以古为好的价值取向;交际维度倾向于贵曲忌直、委婉含蓄的交际策略。对古代年龄称谓进行研究,对于了解中华历史文化知识、传承中华传统文化、加强人际交往中的语言应用、提高跨文化交际能力等具有重要作用。

Age appellation is a specific appellation that is not an actual number expression of age in ancient China.The naming process is not arbitrary but is deeply imprinted with marks of ancient Chinese society,history,and culture.These age appellations are provided with knowledge,meanwhile reflecting the cognition of the ancient Chinese,the ancient social life and cultural concepts of the Han ethnic group.Age appellations can be explained and interpreted from the four dimensions,namely thinking,etiquette,value,and communication.The main manifestations are intuition and understanding,traditional way of concretely carrying thoughts and feelings,etiquette of prioritizing the elderly and differentiating genders,value orientation of quoting the classics and favoring the anciency,and euphemistic and implicit communication strategies that avoids bluntness.The research and discussion of ancient age appellations is not only of great significance for understanding Chinese historical and cultural knowledge and inheriting Chinese traditional culture,but also important in strengthening the language application in interpersonal communication and improving cross-cultural communication skills.