生长因子在骨组织工程修复重建过程中时空缓释的研究进展

Research progress in spatiotemporal sustained release of growth factors in bone tissue engineering

生长因子在骨组工程修复重建中的时空分布至关重要。生长因子可通过不同的包载方式应用于骨组织工程中。不同的包载方式使生长因子具有不同的时空释放效果。目前,常用的物理包封、易降解的载体和简单的空间结构往往使生长因子早期突然释放,导致缓释效果不理想。优化生长因子的释放方式,使得生长因子可仿生地在不同时间和空间释放适量,有利于提高组织修复的效果和避免生长因子过量的不良反应。笔者从生长因子时空缓释的必要性入手,总结生长因子通过直接固定于载体表面、包封于载体、包封于微颗粒,以及微颗粒包封于载体等方式实现不同程度的时空缓释,对生长因子在不同包载方式的时空缓释效果进行综述,为优化生长因子在骨组织工程中精准可控地释放提供参考。

The spatiotemporal distribution of growth factors in bone tissue-engineered repair and reconstruction is critical.Growth factors can be used in bone tissue engineering through different encapsulation methods.Different encapsulation methods make growth factors have different release kinetics.At present,the common physical entrapment,easily degradable carrier and simple spatial structure usually result in poor sustained release of growth factors by burst release.The optimization of release methods of growth factors enables their release at different times and spaces in a biomimetric manner,which is conducive to improving the effect of tissue repair and avoiding the adverse effects of excessive factors.Starting from the necessity of spatiotemporal sustained release of growth factors,the authors summarize growth factors can attain spatiotemporal sustained release by being directly immobilized on the surface of the carrier,encapsulated in the carrier,encapsulated in the microparticles and encapsulated in the carrier by the microparticles and review the spatiotemporal sustained release of growth factors in different encapsulation methods,so as to provide a reference for optimizing spatiotemporal release of growth factor in bone tissue engineering.