国际视野下我国的“双碳”战略与法律治理路径

China’s“Dual Carbon”Strategy and Legal Governance Path from an International Perspective

碳达峰、碳中和的战略目标体现了中国的大国担当。在复杂多元的全球发展格局下,作为碳排放大国,我国需要根据世界发展格局和态势不断作出战略调整。关于“双碳”战略目标,存在着一些前置性的认识误区,如对于“双碳”战略的基本概念界定不清,温室气体法律治理缺乏体系化以及“双碳”依托的相关环境标准缺失等。对此,法律治理的进路需考虑推进污染防治法制部门的体系化,在“双碳”战略的立法中采用“统分结合”的立法模式,发挥立法智慧,借鉴发达国家立法经验制定“应对气候变化法”,推进碳排放监管系统化、科学化,化解“双碳”目标实施过程中可能出现的诸多风险,达到整体性治理的效果。

While China’s responsibility as a major country can be reflected in its strategic goal of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality,as a big carbon emitter,China needs to make some strategic adjustments accordingly under the complex and diverse global pattern of development.Currently,there are some antecedent misunderstandings about the“dual carbon”strategic goals,such as the vaguely defined basic concept,lack of systematic legal governance of greenhouse gases,and lack of relevant environmental standards,etc.Therefore,it is necessary to promote the systematization of departments in charge of pollution prevention and control,to adopt the legislative model of“integration of centralization and decentralization”,to give full play to the wisdom of legislation,and draw on the legislative experience of developed countries to formulate Climate Change Act,to promote the systematic and scientific regulation of carbon emissions,to resolve the risks that may arise during the implementation of the“dual carbon”goal,and to achieve the effect of overall governance.