基于数据挖掘的中成药治疗脑卒中用药规律分析

Analysis of Prescription Regularities of Chinese Patent Medicines in Stroke Treatment Based on Data Mining

目的:挖掘分析治疗脑卒中的中成药的组方规律,探讨高频中药配伍规则。方法:收集《中国药典》(2020版)与《中华人民共和国卫生部药品标准·中药成方制剂》(全20册)中有治疗脑卒中功效的中成药处方信息,对涉及中药进行频次、关联规则与系统聚类分析。结果:纳入61种中成药,涉及中药253味,单味药中川芎(31次,50.82%)、当归(28次,45.90%)应用次数最多。应用频率>20%的中药共计26味,以其作为高频中药进行统计分析,其中药性以温(206例次,43.37%)为主;药味以甘(235例次,35.07%)、辛(228例次,34.03%)为主;归经以肝经(275例次,24.77%)、心经(271例次,24.41%)、脾经(246例次,22.16%)为主;类别以补虚药(106次,22.13%)、活血化瘀药(89次,18.58%)为主。关联性药味组合15个,高频中药聚类分析形成4个类别。结论:用于治疗脑卒中的中药主要功效为活血化瘀、益气补虚、平肝息风、安神开窍、清热凉血,佐以健脾利湿、解表散寒。

Objective:To dig and analyze the prescription regularities of Chinese patent medicines for the treatment of stroke and explore the compatibility rules of high-frequency drugs.Methods:The information on prescription of Chinese patent medicines used to treat stroke in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2020 edition)and National Standard for Chinese Patent Drugs(NSCPD)enacted by Ministry of Public Health of China were collected.The frequency,association rules and systematic cluster analysis of the selected prescriptions were performed.Results:A total of 61 Chinese patent medicines were included,involving 253 Chinese herbs,Chuanxiong Rhizoma(31 times,50.82%)and Angelicae Sinensis Radix(28 times,45.90%)were used most frequently in single herbs.A total of 26 traditional Chinese medicine with application frequency>20%were used for statistical analysis as high-frequency drugs.The warm(206 times,43.37%)was the most properties of drugs;sweet(235 times,35.07%)and pungent(228 times,34.03%)accounted for the majority in the prescription.The high-frequency menstruation of liver(275 times,24.77%),heart(271 times,24.41%)and spleen(246 times,22.16%)were counted.The types of drugs were mainly for tonifying defi ciency(106 times,22.13%),prom oting blood circulation and removing stasis(89 times,18.58%).There were 15 associated drug combinations,and 4 categories were formed by high-frequency drug clustering analysis.Conclusion:The main eff ects of traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of stroke were activating blood and removing blood stasis,replenishing qi and replenishing defi ciency,calming the liver and eliminating wind,soothing the nerves and resuscitating,clearing heat and cooling blood,supplemented by strengthening the spleen and dampness,relieving the appearance and dispelling cold.