东京奥运会田径男子三级跳远项目比赛研究

Research on Men's Triple Jump Event of Athletics in Tokyo Olympic Games

为更加直观和科学的反映东京奥运会男子三级跳远项目运动员竞技表现情况和探索世界顶尖运动员关键技术特征,以便为我国运动员的训练提高和运动技术评价提出理论依据。本文运用运动视频图像解析法、数理统计法、文献资料法和逻辑分析法对东京奥运会男子三级跳远项目前8名和中国3名参赛队员进行竞技表现和运动技术的分析研究,得出结论:1.中国3名参赛运动员中吴瑞庭在3人中竞技表现最差(个人最好成绩的95.76%),朱亚明夺得决赛金牌的同时是前8名运动员中竞技表现最佳(个人最好成绩的100.98%)。2.前8名运动员中,从国家层面看中国和美国占据人数优势、从大洲层面看亚洲人数占比高、从人种层面看黑种人人数优势显著、从年龄层面看在28-30岁的人数多。3.对于男子三级跳远项目来说,跑速与成绩之间呈不显著的极弱负相关,应根据个人跳跃和跑动能力来选择合适的助跑速度和跑动节奏;踏板精度与跑动速度呈非常显著的中等程度相关,跑动速度越大越容易降低踏板效果、增大踏板距离。4.中国3名参赛运动员呈现出运动技术短板为:朱亚明单脚跳距离较短,方耀庆单脚跳和跳跃跳距离较短,吴瑞庭单脚跳、跨步跳和跳跃跳的距离均较短。

In order to reflect more intuitively and scientifically the athletic performance of men's triple jump in Tokyo Olympic Games and explore the key technical characteristics of the world's top athletes,so as to provide a theoretical basis for the training improvement and sports technology evaluation of Chinese athletes.In this paper,the top 8 athletes and 3 Chinese athletes in the men's triple jump of the Tokyo Olympic Games were analyzed and studied in terms of their competitive performance and sports techniques by using the methods of motion video image analysis,mathematical statistics,literature and logical analysis,and concluded that:1.Among the 3 Chinese athletes,Wu Ruiting had the worst competitive performance among the 3(95.76%of personal best),Zhu Yaming won the gold medal in the final 2.Among the top 8 athletes,China and USA dominate in terms of numbers from the country level,Asia has a high percentage from the continent level,black people have a significant advantage from the ethnic level,and the number of people aged 28-30 is high from the age level.3.The pedal accuracy and the running speed were moderately correlated,and the greater the running speed,the easier it was to reduce the pedal effect and increase the pedal distance.4.The three Chinese athletes showed shortcomings in sports technology:Zhu Yaming had a short distance in single-leg jump,Fang Yaoqing had a short distance in single-leg jump and jump,and Wu Ruiting had a short distance in single-leg jump.The distance was shorter,and Wu Ruiting's distance of single-leg jump,straddle jump and jumping jump were shorter.