东京奥运会中国奖牌分布特征分析

Analysis on the Distribution Characteristics of Chinese Medals in Tokyo Olympics

运用文献资料、数理统计、对比研究等方法对东京奥运会我国体育代表团所获奖牌情况进行分析,归纳东京奥运会我国奖牌特征与我国竞技体育各项实力。结果表明:东京奥运会中国获奖运动员年龄分布较合理,运动员年轻而富有朝气,夺金运动员学历层次普遍较高;各省(市)金牌项目分布存在交叉关系,地区经济发展和奖牌数具有一定的相关性;“院校化”培养成果在本次奥运会上得以充分体现;传统项目略有下滑但依旧为夺金主力;潜优势项目射箭、自行车、帆船实现突破;三大球下降最为明显,整体实力明显薄弱。建议我国创新运动员培养和运动队组建模式,实现新一代优秀竞技人才的多元化培养、建立多元集聚型科学训练基地,实现优秀竞技人才的精准培养、打造体教融合培养新体系,精细化运动员输送模式、保持传统项目优势地位,促进潜在优势项目的竞技实力的提升。

By methods of literature,mathematical statistics,comparative research and other methods to analyze the status of the medals won by the Chinese sports delegation in the Tokyo Olympics.The results show that the age distribution of the Chinese award-winning athletes at the Tokyo Olympics is reasonable,the athletes are young and energetic,and the gold medalists are generally higher in education;the distribution of gold medal events in various provinces(cities)has a cross relationship,and there is a certain correlation between regional economic development and the number of medals.;The"academicization"training results were fully reflected in this Olympics;the traditional events declined slightly but still the main gold medalists;the potential advantages of archery,cycling,and sailing achieved breakthroughs;the three major goals declined the most and the overall strength was obvious weak.It is recommended that China’s innovative athlete training and sports team formation models realize the diversified training of a new generation of outstanding competitive talents,establish a diversified clustered scientific training base,realize the precise training of outstanding competitive talents,create a new system of integrated sports and education,and refine the transportation of athletes.Mode,maintain the dominant position of traditional events,and promote the improvement of the competitive strength of potential advantageous events.