试论名士之死与《三国演义》曹操形象塑造

On the Death of Celebrities and Image-building of Cao Cao in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms

汉末三国时期,曹操依靠政治手段,笼络了一大批世家大族的信任与支持,在共同利益的驱使下,在与名士的合作中,曹操表现出礼遇的姿态;同时,他又清洗了部分名士,以打压士族势力.«三国演义»中一批名士之死都与曹操有关,小说正是通过“无中生有”“移形换影”“抽丝剥茧”“添油加醋”等手法,将名士之死与曹操的品行相关联,塑造出一个无情寡义、残忍凶狠、猜忌多疑的曹操形象,究其原因,主要由“尊刘抑曹”的思想倾向和小说艺术性的追求所造成.

At the end of the Han Dynasty and the Three Kingdoms period, Cao Cao relied on political means to win over the trust and support of a large number of aristocratic families. Driven by common interests, Cao Cao showed a courteous attitude in cooperation with celebrities. At the same time, he cleaned some celebrities to suppress the influence of aristocratic families. In The Romance of the Three Kingdoms, the death of a number of celebrities are related to Cao Cao. The novel links the death of celebrities with Cao Cao’s conduct, by means of "creating something out of nothing", "changing the shape and shadow", "peeling off the cocoon" and "adding highly colored details", which creates a merciless, cruel and suspicious image of Cao Cao. The main reason is the ideological tendency of "respecting Liu and restraining Cao" and the pursuit of artistry in the novel.