稀土元素在铜中的作用机理研究进展

Research progress on functional mechanisms of rare earth elements in copper

稀土元素是一种微合金化元素,其具有很强的活泼性,可以和惰性气体以外的元素发生反应。稀土具有光、电、磁等特殊性质,通常作为合金化元素加入其他合金中调整性能,使其在众多领域都有着极大的应用潜力。本文首先综述了稀土的基本性质,介绍了稀土在各个领域中的应用,接着重点对稀土在纯铜中的作用进行综述,包括稀土在纯铜中的存在形式、稀土对纯铜微观组织、力学性能、导电性能、耐蚀性能及再结晶过程等的影响,并对其作用机理进行分析与阐述。最后指出当前稀土作为合金化元素在纯铜中应用存在的问题,提出未来有待解决的难题及深入研究的方向,为拓宽稀土的应用领域、更好地发挥稀土潜力提供新思路。

As a kind of microalloying element,rare earth element is very active and can react with any element except inert gas.Rare earth has special properties such as light,electricity and magnetism,it is usually used as alloying elements to adjust the properties of other alloys,so it has great application potential in many fields.This paper first summarizes the fundamental properties of rare earth,introduces the application of rare earth in various fields,and then focuses on the role of rare earth in pure copper,including the existing form of rare earth in pure copper,the influence of rare earth on the microstructure,mechanical properties,electrical conductivity,corrosion resistance and recrystallization process of pure copper,and analyzes its functional mechanism.Finally,the problems existing in the application of rare earth as alloying element in pure copper are pointed out,and the problems to be solved in the future and the direction of in-depth research are put forward,so as to provide new ideas for broadening the application field of rare earth and giving better play to the potential of rare earth.