牙槽嵴保存术影响因素研究进展

Research progress on influencing factors of prognosis alveolar ridge preservation

拔牙后,牙槽窝自然愈合会导致牙槽骨的吸收和重建,牙槽骨出现水平和垂直向的尺寸变化可能会使后续的种植修复过程复杂化。鉴于拔牙后牙槽骨高度和宽度缩小的问题,目前临床上多采用牙槽嵴保存术来维持牙槽骨的形态,促进牙槽窝内新骨形成来减缓剩余牙槽骨的吸收,为后期种植修复提供良好的生物学基础。拔牙后牙槽窝处理措施的不同,生物材料的选用,拔牙窝的封闭方式,局部解剖等因素影响着牙槽嵴保存术的成功及保存效果。本文就牙槽嵴保存术实施成功及预后影响因素作一综述。

After tooth extraction,the natural healing of alveolar fossa will lead to the absorption and reconstruction of alveolar bone,and the size changes of alveolar bone in the horizontal and vertical directions may complicate the subsequent implant repair process.In view of the shrinking height and width of alveolar bone after tooth extraction,alveolar ridge preservation after tooth extraction is widely used in clinic to maintain the shape of alveolar bone,to promote the formation of new bone in alveolar fossa to slow down the absorption of the residual alveolar bone,and to provide a good biological basis for later implant restoration.Different treatment measures of alveolar fossa after tooth extraction,selection of biomaterials,sealing method of tooth extraction wound,local anatomy and other factors may affect the success and preservation effect of alveolar ridge preservation.This article reviews the successful implementation of alveolar ridge preservation and the influencing factors of prognosis.