论晋武帝对江南士族采取的政策

Emperor Wu of Jin’s Policy of Placating Hereditary Houses in Jiangnan

晋武帝统一天下后,仍然面临着一大难题,即如何缓和消弥吴国士族和地方豪强大族的抵触情绪。吴亡之后,南人仕进很艰难,晋武帝逐步调整治吴政策,采取多种方法缓和南北士族间的矛盾,除了吴地“牧守已下皆因吴所置”外,还屡次下诏征召南方人士入朝为官。晋武帝优待亡国之君孙皓也是他笼络江南士族的一种策略。由于武帝对南方士族的安抚以及在仕途上不断放宽对南士的任用,太康末年形成了一个南人北上求仕的高潮,在很大程度上缓和了西晋统治者同吴地士人的紧张关系。八王之乱时,“二陆之死”对南士震撼极大,它不仅表明江东人士入北求仕以悲剧告终,同时也宣告晋武帝治理南方、安抚南士政策的最终失败。

The present paper explores Emperor Wu of Jin’s attempt to improve the administration of Jiangnan by integrating local hereditary houses. His policies,such as recruiting more southerners into the imperial government,decisively contributed to the surge of southerners’ going north in pursuit of political positions in the late Taikang reign(280-289). It concludes that this attempt failed finally due to the chaos brought about by the rebellion involving eight enfeoffed kings.