铁路道岔打磨技术装备现状与应用分析

Current Status and Application of Railway Turnout Grinding Equipment

从我国铁路道岔打磨策略及标准、打磨技术装备特点及性能比较、打磨作业模式及工艺方法等方面,探讨我国铁路道岔打磨技术装备的现状和应用情况。针对铁路道岔打磨主要采用的大机为主、小机为辅的作业方式,系统性论述以砂轮端面打磨为基础的大型道岔打磨车、中型道岔打磨车、道岔打磨小机、仿形打磨小机,以及以砂轮周面打磨为基础的钢轨快速打磨车、砂轮圆周曲面打磨车的结构特点和技术原理,并分析相适应的道岔打磨作业工艺方法。根据道岔打磨存在的主要问题,以及高速、重载铁路道岔打磨的不同需求,建议进一步研究相适应的打磨技术和装备,摸索更高效的打磨作业工艺。

This paper examines the current status and application of railway turnout grinding equipment in China from three perspectives:grinding strategy and standard,grinding equipment characteristic and performance comparison,grinding mode and process method.At present,the combination of large machine grinding and small machine fine grinding is mainly adopted in the grinding of railway turnouts.According to the structural characteristics and technical principles,turnout grinding equipment is classified into the following categories:heavy-duty turnout grinding machine,medium turnout grinding machine,light-duty turnout grinding machine,light-duty profiling grinding machine,rail grinding wagon,and grinding wheel peripheral surface grinding machine.We then analyze the corresponding turnout grinding process method for each category of equipment.Given the major issues with turnout grinding,the paper proposes further research into the corresponding grinding technology and equipment,the development of a suitable grinding process,and the resolution of the grinding bottleneck in turnout sections such as switch rail,turnout point,and curve track.