双梁桥式起重机主梁有限元分析及结构优化

FEM analysis and structure optimization of main beam of double beam bridge crane

针对双梁桥式起重机的箱型主梁自重大的问题,以QD75 t-31.5 m-A3双梁桥式起重机主梁作为研究对象,基于ANSYS Workbench建立了包含主梁与端梁及其连接特性的简化桥架有限元分析模型,通过将约束施加在端梁处更真实地反映了主梁的约束特性,然后分析了主梁不同工况下的静挠度和最大应力,并在此基础上对主梁腹板进行了结构优化。结果表明,该主梁模型的静挠度仿真结果略小于理论值;在保障主梁强度及刚度的前提下,主梁腹板中心区域可通过拓扑优化实现轻量化,减少了11.57%的自重。

Aiming at the self-heavy problem of the box-type main girder of the double-girder bridge crane,taking the main girder of QD75 t-31.5 m-A3 double-girder bridge crane as the research object,a simplified finite element analysis model of the bridge frame including the main girder and the end girder and their connection characteristics is established based on ANSYS Workbench.The restraint characteristics of the main girder are truly reflected,and then the static deflection and maximum stress of the main girder under different working conditions are analyzed,and on this basis,the structural optimization of the main girder web is carried out.The results show that the static deflection simulation results of the main girder model are slightly smaller than the theoretical value;under the premise of ensuring the strength and stiffness of the main girder,the central area of the main girder web can be lightened by topology optimization,reducing the dead weight by 11.57%.