铁路隧道TBM施工信息化监控技术研究与应用

Study and Application of Information Monitoring Technology for TBM Construction of Railway Tunnel

研究目的:长大隧道TBM施工已在地铁、水电、市政、公路、铁路等工程得到应用,由于其结构复杂、工作环境恶劣,在受到决策失误、风险估计不足、现场操作错误等因素影响下,容易导致TBM掘进过程中出现一些异常情况,轻则影响工程进度,重则造成重大事故。针对TBM施工信息化监控技术,国内外学者进行了大量的科研攻关,取得了一些成果,但成果都偏重于实时监控,仅能反映TBM的运行状态、施工现场概况等,缺乏数据处理与分析、风险预警、业务管理、反馈指导施工等关键功能。本文依托大瑞铁路高黎贡山隧道,研究开发铁路隧道TBM施工信息化监控系统,为隧道TBM安全掘进和系统化管理提供基础。研究结论:(1)TBM施工信息化监控系统架构有业务架构、逻辑架构、数据架构、技术架构、功能架构5个组成部分,设计全面合理;(2)铁路隧道TBM施工信息化监控系统安全保护等级为第三级,系统均部署在中国铁路主数据中心,充分利用主数据中心已有的安全措施,结合实际需要,构建网络安全防护技术体系;(3)基于TBM施工监控系统采用文件接口与OPC接口两种数据提取方式,共同完成TBM施工数据提取;(4)将TBM自动采集的数据实时传输至项目部电脑,然后通过互联网实时传输至服务器,用户通过访问服务器可实现对TBM施工数据的实时读取和分析;(5)高黎贡山隧道通过应用实践,对降低现场施工风险、加速施工现场与管理层信息沟通起到了重要作用;(6)本研究成果可在类似隧道TBM施工中推广应用。

Research purposes: TBM construction of large tunnel has been applied in the subway, hydropower, municipal, highway, railway and other projects. Due to its complex structure and poor working conditions, under the influence of factors such as the decision-making errors, insufficient risk estimate, and site operation error, some abnormal situation easily appeared in the TBM tunneling process, which may affect the construction schedule, or cause major accidents. A great deal of research has been carried out on TBM construction information monitoring technology by scholars at home and abroad, and some achievements have been achieved. However, the achievements are mainly focused on real-time monitoring, which can only reflect the operation status of TBM and the general situation of construction site, and lack of key functions such as data processing and analysis, risk warning, business management, feedback and guidance of construction. Based on Gaoligong Mountain tunnel of Dali-Ruili Railway, this paper studies and develops the railway tunnel TBM construction information monitoring system, which provides a foundation for safe tunneling and systematic management of TBM.Research conclusions:(1) The overall architecture of TBM construction information monitoring system is composed of 5 parts, including business architecture, logical architecture, data architecture, technical architecture and functional architecture, with comprehensive and reasonable design.(2) The security protection level of the railway tunnel TBM construction information monitoring system is the third level, and the systems are all deployed in the main data center of China Railway. The existing security measures of the main data center are fully utilized and the network security protection technology system is constructed based on the actual needs.(3) TBM construction monitoring system adopts file interface and OPC interface to extract TBM construction data.(4) The data automatically collected by TBM is transmitted to the computer of the project department in real time, and then transmitted to the server through the Internet. Users can read and analyze TBM construction data in real time by accessing the server.(5) Gaoligong Mountain tunnel plays an important role in reducing construction risks and accelerating information communication between construction site and management through application practice.(6) The research results can be applied in TBM construction of similar tunnels.