螺旋桨飞机风挡防鸟撞能力分析研究

Analysis and Research on Bird Strike Resistance of Propeller-Driven Aircraft Windshield

鸟撞是威胁航空安全的重要因素之一。对于螺旋桨飞机而言,结构前方如果布置有螺旋桨,则桨叶及其运动会对飞鸟撞击结构起到一定的防护作用。本文针对前方布置有螺旋桨的风挡进行分析研究,提出以飞鸟越桨撞击风挡概率作为风挡防鸟撞能力的评价指标,基于对飞鸟穿越螺旋桨的机理分析,构建飞鸟越桨撞击风挡概率的评估模型,并开展参数化分析研究。研究表明,对于风挡防鸟撞能力而言,桨叶数目、鸟和飞机的相对飞行速度等因素属于较为敏感的因素,该规律性结论可为评估螺旋桨飞机风挡防鸟撞能力提供参考。

Bird strike is one of the important factors threatening aviation safety.For propeller-driven aircraft,if the propeller is arranged in front of the structure,the blade and its movement will play a certain protective role against the bird strike on the structure.In this paper,the windshield with propeller in front is analyzed and studied,and the probability of bird striking the windshield by crossing the propeller is proposed as the index of evaluating the bird strike resistance of the windshield.Based on the mechanism analysis of bird crossing the propeller,the evaluation model about the probability of bird striking the windshield by crossing the propeller is constructed,and parametric analysis and research are carried out.The research shows that the number of blades and the relative flight speed of birds and aircraft are relatively sensitive factors for the bird strike resistance of the windshield.This regular conclusion can provide a reference for evaluating the bird strike resistance of propeller-driven aircraft windshield.