某低品位硫化镍铜矿工艺矿物学研究

Study on process mineralogy of a low-grade nickel-copper sulfide ore

某镍铜矿随着不断被深部开采,矿石逐渐趋于“贫细杂”,给该矿产资源的综合利用造成一定的困难。为了高效回收该镍铜矿中的有价组分,对该镍铜矿进行详细的工艺矿物学特征研究。结果表明:该镍铜矿属硫化型镍铜矿石,Ni品位0.38%,硫化率84.00%,Cu品位0.09%,硫化率97.24%,铜的氧化率低,对铜的浮选回收有利;Co、Au、Ag可考虑综合回收;矿石中金属硫化矿物主要为磁黄铁矿、镍黄铁矿,其次为黄铁矿、黄铜矿、少量及微量针镍矿、闪锌矿、红砷镍矿、辉砷镍矿和方铅矿。脉石矿物中片状或纤状矿物较多,在磨矿过程中易集中于相对较粗的粒级,且有部分含镍滑石浮于矿浆表面,易进入精矿,筛选对滑石等易浮脉石的抑制剂至关重要;矿石中硫酸镍为水溶性镍,如碧矾、含镁碧矾等,硅酸镍为以离子状态被某些硅酸盐矿物吸附或与其钙镁离子置换形成的含镍硅酸盐矿物,氧化镍为由于氧化作用残留于磁性铁中的镍,这三类矿物均为氧化作用的产物,是浮选难以富集的,影响镍的回收。

With the continuous deep mining of a nickel-copper mine,the ore gradually tends to be"poor,fine and miscellaneous",causing certain difficulties in the comprehensive utilization of this resource.In order to efficiently recover the valuable components in the nickel-copper ore,a detailed process mineralogical characteristic study of the nickel-copper ore was carried out.The results show that the nickel-copper ore is a sulfide-type nickel-copper ore with Ni grade of 0.38%,a sulfidation rate of 84.00%,Cu grade of 0.09%and sulfidation rate of 97.24%,and a low copper oxidation rate,which is beneficial to copper flotation recovery.Comprehensive recovery of Co,Au and Ag can be considered.The metal sulfide minerals in the ore are mainly pyrrhotite and nickel pyrite,followed by pyrite,chalcopyrite,small and trace goethite,sphalerite,arsenite,arsenopyrite and galena.There are many flake or fibrous minerals in gangue minerals,which tend to concentrate on relatively coarse grain sizes during the grinding process,and some nickel-containing talc floats on the surface of the slurry,which is easy to enter the concentrate.Therefore,the screening of inhibitors for talc and other pumice gangue is very important.The nickel sulfate in the ore is water-soluble nickel,such as bismuth,magnesium-containing bismuth,etc.,and nickel silicate is a nickel-containing silicate mineral that is adsorbed by some silicate minerals or replaced with calcium and magnesium ions in an ionic state.Nickel is the nickel remaining in the magnetic iron due to oxidation.These three types of minerals are all products of oxidation,which are difficult to enrich by flotation and affect the recovery of nickel.