河南省60~76岁老年人代谢综合征的流行现状及影响因素

Study on prevalence of metabolic syndrome and influencing factors in the population aged 60-76 in Henan Province

目的了解河南省60~76岁老年人代谢综合征的流行现状及其影响因素,为防控工作提供科学依据。方法数据来源于2015-2019年心血管病高危人群早期筛查与综合干预项目,选择年龄60~76岁的人群作为研究对象,利用调查问卷、体格检查和实验室检测的数据,采用χ^(2)检验、Cochran-Armitage趋势χ^(2)检验比较不同特征代谢综合征及各组分患病率的差异,采用多因素Logistic回归分析模型分析代谢综合征的影响因素。结果河南省60~76岁老年人代谢综合征的患病率为31.59%,女性高于男性(χ^(2)=369.65,P<0.001),城市高于农村(χ^(2)=135.50,P<0.001),高中以下高于高中及以上人群(χ^(2)=22.60,P<0.001),不吸烟、不饮酒人群患病率高于吸烟、饮酒人群(均有P<0.001)。高血压、高血糖、中心型肥胖患病率均较高,分别为65.14%、51.17%、47.01%,女性、高龄、城市、已婚、饮酒人群发生代谢综合征的风险高(均有P<0.05)。结论河南省60~76岁老年人群代谢综合征患病率以及高血压、高血糖、中心型肥胖患病率较高,建议提高早期筛查力度和筛查范围,将关口进一步前移,筛出糖尿病前期和中心型肥胖前期的人群进行全面生活方式干预,对高血压、糖尿病人群进行生活方式和药物干预,利用健康讲座和同伴教育,提升老年人对慢性病的知晓率、治疗率和控制率。

Objective To acknowledge the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its influencing factors in the population aged from 60 to 76 in Henan Province,providing a scientific basis for the prevention and control of metabolic syndrome.Methods Data resources were obtained from the questionnaire,and physical and biochemical examinations from 2015 to 2019 in China PEACE(Patient-centered evaluative assessment of cardiac events).χ^(2) tests and Cochran-Armitage trendχ^(2) were used for comparative analysis,Logistic regression model was used for multivariate analysis.Results The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 31.59%in the population aged 60-76 in Henan Province.The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was higher in females than that in males(χ^(2)=369.65,P<0.001),higher in urban areas than that in rural areas(χ^(2)=135.50,P<0.001),higher in low-educated people than that in highly-educated people(χ^(2)=22.60,P<0.001),higher in non-smoker than that in the smoker(χ^(2)=169.47,P<0.001),higher in non-drinker than that in drinker(χ^(2)=13.95,P<0.001).The prevalence of hyper-tension,hyperglycemia,and central obesity was 65.14%,51.17%,and 47.01%,respectively.Female,elder age,urban,married status and drink were the main factors influencing the prevalence of metabolic syndrome(all P<0.05).Conclusions The prevalence of metabolic syndrome,hypertension,hyperglycemia and central obesity was higher in the Henan elderly.Therefore,it is recommended to conduct comprehensive lifestyle and drug interventions on populations with hypertension and diabetes.Population with prediabetes and prophase central obesity were needed to screen out.It is imperative to enhance the rate of awareness,treatment,and control of major chronic diseases among the elderly via health lectures and peer education.