通往行政公益诉讼诉前程序实质化之路——以检察机关和行政机关良性互动为视角

The Road to Substantialize the Pre-litigation Procedure of Administrative Public Interest Litigation——From the Perspective of Benign Interaction between Procuratorates and Administrations

行政公益诉讼以诉的形式履行法律监督的本职,其本质应被理解为检察监督制度,诉前程序实质化的讨论应遵循这一制度逻辑。以检察机关和行政机关的良性互动来实现诉前程序实质化具有正当性和可能性,二者在实现公益的目标上具有一致性,符合《中华人民共和国宪法》规定的权力分工配合格局,通过互动能够增进各主体对公益的认知理性,有利于公益问题的实质解决。实践中,应严守良性监督与良性协作的双向要求,划清良性互动的作用场域、完善良性互动的参与主体、创设良性互动的适用空间。

Administrative public interest litigation is to fulfill the duty of legal supervision in the form of litigation.The essence of administrative public interest litigation should be understood as procuratorial supervision,and the discussion on the substantialization of pre-litigation procedure should follow the logic.It is justified and possible to realize the substantialization of pre-litigation procedure through benign interaction between procuratorates and administrations,they are consistent in realizing the goal of public welfare.The benign interaction between the two organs conforms to the pattern of power division and cooperation stipulated in China’s Constitution.Through interaction,the cognitive rationality of each subject on public welfare can be enhanced,which is more conducive to the substantive solution of public welfare problems.In practice,we should strictly abide by the bidirectional requirements of benign supervision and benign cooperation,draw a clear line of action field of benign interaction,improve the participants of benign interaction and determine the applicable space of benign interaction.