废旧锂离子电池制备锂离子筛及其应用研究进展

Research progress on preparation and application of lithium ion sieve from spent lithium ion batteries

锂离子电池报废量爆发式增长,预计到2023年,废旧锂离子电池回收利用将是一个超过300亿元产值的新兴市场,其中,锂资源占可回收金属价值的一半。为探索锂资源高效回收技术,基于现阶段研究热点,讨论了以废旧锰酸锂电池正极材料、废旧三元锂电池正极材料、废旧锰系锂离子电池负极材料为原料制备锂离子筛的方法;探讨了废旧锂离子电池中各类杂质成分对锂离子筛性能的影响;阐述了锰系锂离子筛技术在废旧锂离子电池的锂回收、盐湖卤水提锂和化工制药废水提锂等领域的应用。通过分析得出,锂离子筛的应用能够增加锂盐回收率与回收纯度,降低技术成本,应用前景广阔。

The number of spent lithium⁃ion batteries is growing explosively.It is expected that by 2023,the reuse of spent lithium⁃ion batteries will be an emerging market of more than 30 billion yuan,of which lithium resources account for half of the value of recyclable metals.In order to explore the more efficient recovery of lithium resources,based on the current re⁃search hotspots,the methods of preparing lithium⁃ion sieve from anode materials of the spent lithium manganate battery,ter⁃nary lithium⁃ion battery,and cathode materials of the spent manganese lithium ion battery were investigated.The effect of various impurities in spent lithium⁃ion batteries on the performance of lithium⁃ion sieves was discussed.The cases of manga⁃nese lithium ion sieve technology used in the fields of lithium recovery from waste lithium ion batteries,lithium extraction from salt lake brine and lithium extraction from chemical and pharmaceutical wastewater were described.The application of lithium ion sieve could increase the recovery rate and purity of lithium,reduce the technical cost,and had a wide applica⁃tion prospect.