“一锅法”合成双组分镁基阻燃剂及性能研究

Study on synthesis and properties of two component magnesium based flame retardant by“one⁃pot method”

基于轻烧氧化镁为原料,通过“一锅法”合成了一种具有氢氧化镁(MH)和碱式碳酸镁(MC)双组分多级结构的一体化高效无卤复合阻燃剂(MCMH)。将MCMH和MH分别与聚丙烯(PP)密炼共混,经模压成型制备了PP/MCMH和PP/MH复合材料,并对比研究了MCMH与MH应用于PP的阻燃性能。结果表明,合成的MCMH是氧化镁先水化转变为氢氧化镁,然后部分氢氧化镁与碳酸氢铵反应生成碱式碳酸镁,呈现花状多级结构。当阻燃剂质量分数占复合材料的50%时,PP/MCMH复合材料的热释放速率(HRR)峰值和烟雾产生率(SPR)峰值较PP/MH复合材料大幅降低,分别为299 kW/m^(2)和0.038 m^(2)/s。该方法原料来源广泛,工艺简单易行,具有规模化生产和应用的潜力。

Based on light burned magnesium oxide as the raw material,an integral high efficiency halogen⁃free flame retar⁃dant(MCMH)with hierarchical structure and double⁃components including magnesium hydroxide(MH)and basic magne⁃sium carbonate(MC)was synthesized via one⁃pot method.PP/MCMH and PP/MH composites were prepared by internal mix⁃ing of MCMH and MH with polypropylene(PP)respectively,and the flame retardant properties of MCMH and MH applied to PP were compared.The results showed that the synthesized MCMH was formed by the hydration of magnesium oxide to magnesium hydroxide,and then part of magnesium hydroxide reacted with ammonium bicarbonate to form basic magnesium carbonate,showing a flower like multistage structure.When the mass fraction of flame retardant was 50%,the peak heat re⁃lease rate(HRR)and smoke production rate(SPR)of PP/MCMH composites were significantly decreased to 299 kW/m^(2) and 0.038 m^(2)/s,respectively.This strategy had the potential for large⁃scale production and application due to the wide sources of raw materials,short process and easy operation.