我国非物质文化遗产政策量化研究

Quantitative Study on the Policies of Intangible Cultural Heritage in China

文章考察我国非物质文化遗产政策现状和特点,为非遗政策体系的完善提供参考。依托国家层面的72份非遗政策,分析非遗政策的外部特征;采用内容分析法,分析非遗政策的内容特点。研究表明:非遗政策的发布有周期性,政策制定由文化和旅游部(含原文化部)主导,制定主体较多元;非遗政策对供给型政策工具使用最多,其次是环境型及需求型政策工具;从系统性保护原则看,非遗保护和传承是政策重点;建议增加非遗税收优惠、公共服务、政府购买、境外交流等政策工具,优化政策工具结构,加强对非遗开发利用的政策支持。

This paper investigates China's intangible cultural heritage policies and their characteristics,so as to provide advices for the improvement in the policy system of intangible cultural heritage.Taking 72 policies of intangible cultural heritage at the national level as an example,this paper explores their external characteristics with a focus on the year of issue and policy-makers;and analyzes the content characteristics by means of content analysis,placing emphasis on policy tools and systematic protection.It is found that intangible cultural heritage policies released periodically are normally produced by the Ministry of Culture and Tourism(including the former Ministry of Culture),and policy-makers are relatively diverse;according to the intangible cultural heritage policies,supply-oriented policy tools are used the most,followed by environmental and demand-oriented policy tools;based on the systematic protection principle,current policies highlight the protection and inheritance of intangible cultural heritage.It is suggested to optimize the structure of policy tools by introducing new tools such as tax incentives,public services,government purchases and overseas exchanges and to strengthen policy support for the development and utilization of intangible cultural heritage.