基于失效模式与效应分析理论的干预模式对肿瘤患者PICC置管的影响

Effect of Intervention Mode Based on Failure Mode and Effect Analysis Theory on PICC Catheterization in Tumor Patients

目的:探究基于失效模式与效应分析(FMEA)理论的干预模式对肿瘤患者中心静脉置管(PICC)置管的影响。方法:选取2020年2月-2021年3月于大冶市人民医院就诊的100例使用PICC置管的肿瘤患者作为研究对象。根据随机数字表法将其分为观察组和对照组,各50例。对照组采用常规护理,观察组采用基于FMEA理论的干预模式。比较两组置管效果,住院期间非计划拔管率,并发症及护理前后自护能力、生活质量。结果:观察组一次性穿刺成功率高于对照组,导管堵塞和导管移位率均低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组住院期间非计划拔管率低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组并发症发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。护理后,观察组自我护理维持、自我护理管理、自我护理信心及生活质量评分均高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:肿瘤患者PICC置管实施基于FMEA理论的干预模式,能改善患者的置管效果,降低患者非计划拔管的发生率及并发症发生率,提高患者的自护能力及生活质量。

Objective:To explore the effect of intervention mode based on failure mode and effect analysis(FMEA)theory on peripherally inserted central venous catheter(PICC)catheterization in tumor patients.Method:A total of 100 tumor patients using PICC catheterization in Daye People’s Hospital from February 2020 to March 2021 were selected as the research objects.According to the random number table method,they were divided into observation group and control group,with 50 cases in each group.The control group received routine nursing,while the observation group received intervention mode based on FMEA theory.The effect of catheterization,unplanned extubation rate,complications,self-care ability and quality of life before and after nursing were compared between the two groups.Result:The success rate of one-time puncture in the observation group was higher than that in the control group,and the catheter blockage and catheter displacement rates were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).The unplanned extubation rate during hospitalization in the observation group was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).The incidence of complications in the observation group was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).After nursing,the scores of self-care maintenance,self-care management,self-care confidence and quality of life in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:The implementation of intervention mode based on FMEA theory for PICC catheterization in tumor patients can improve the catheterization effect,reduce the incidences of unplanned extubation and complications,and improve the self-care ability and quality of life of patients.