职业本科教育的政策演进、内在意蕴与发展策略

Policy Evolution,Intrinsic Connotation,and Developing Strategy of Undergraduate Vocational Education

我国职业本科教育政策历经从专科层次的职业院校“不再升本”到积极开展“试点升本”、从嫁接体系外“升本”到贯通体系内“升本”、从外部转型“升本”到内生增长“升本”的发展演进。在确立职业教育类型地位后,职业本科教育“是什么”“怎么办”“谁来办”“办成什么样”,便成为迫切需要解决的问题。职业本科教育办学要紧扣产教融合,凸显类型特征,加大扶持力度,塑造社会共识,激发多元办学潜能,扩大优质教育资源供给,促进职业教育规模、层次、结构、质量、效益的协调发展,实现教育资源配置的帕累托最优。

The policy of vocational undergraduate education in China has gone through the development and evolution from"not upgrading"vocational colleges at the junior college level to actively carrying out"pilot upgrading","upgrading"from outside the grafting system to inside the penetration system as well as from external transformation to endogenous growth.After the establishment of the status of vocational education,the"what to do","how to do","who will do"and"what to be"of vocational undergraduate education have become urgent problems to be solved.Vocational undergraduate education should closely follow the integration of industry and education,highlight the characteristics of types,increase support,shape social consensus,stimulate multiple schools running potential,expand the supply of high-quality educational resources,promote the coordinated development of the scale,level,structure,quality,and efficiency of vocational education,and achieve Pareto optimization of educational resource allocation.