规范化急诊护理干预在急性脑梗死中的应用

Application of standardized emergency nursing intervention in acute cerebral infarction

目的 探讨规范化急诊护理干预在急性脑梗死(ACI)中的应用效果。方法 选取2018年2月至2020年3月北京大学首钢医院急诊科收治的122例ACI患者作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为观察组(n=61)与对照组(n=61)。观察组采用规范化急诊护理干预,对照组采用常规护理方法。比较两组干预前、干预后2周美国国立卫生院神经功能缺损评分量表(NIHSS)评分和日常生活活动能力(Barthel指数)评分,以及两组干预后并发症发生率、干预前后自我效能感评分。结果 干预前,两组NIHSS及Barthel评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05);干预后2周,观察组患者的NIHSS评分低于对照组,Barthel评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05);观察组患者口腔牙龈出血、颅内出血、脑疝等并发症总发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05);干预前,两组患者自我效能感评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05),干预后,观察组自我效能感评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。结论 ACI治疗期间,采用规范化急诊护理干预展开辅助治疗,可最大限度提升治疗水平,改善患者神经功能与日常生活活动能力,降低并发症发生率的同时提高患者自我效能感,值得推广。

Objective To explore the application effect of standardized emergency nursing intervention in acute cerebral infarction(ACI). Methods A total of 122 patients with ACI admitted to the Department of Emergency Medicine in Shougang Hospital of Peking University from February 2018 to March 2020 were selected as study subjects and divided into the observation group(n=61) and the control group(n=61) according to the random number table method. The observation group received standardized emergency nursing intervention, while the control group received conventional nursing. The National ingtitues of health stroke scale(NIHSS) score and assessment of activities of daily living(Barthel) score before intervention and 2 weeks after intervention, as well as the incidence of complications after intervention and the score of self-efficacy before and after intervention were compared between the two groups. Results There were no differences between the two groups in NIHSS score and Barthel score before intervention(P > 0.05). Two weeks after intervention, the NIHSS scores in the observation group was lower than that in the control group, the Barthel scores in the observation group was higher than that in the control group, with statistically significant differences(P < 0.05). The total incidences of gingival bleeding, intracranial hemorrhage,brain hernia and other complications in the observation group were observed to be lower than those in the control group, with statistically significant differences(P < 0.05). Before the intervention, there was no significant difference in the selfefficacy score between the two groups(P > 0.05), while after the intervention, the self-efficacy score in the observation group was higher than that in the control group, with statistically significant difference(P < 0.05). Conclusion The use of the standardized emergency nursing intervention as an adjunctive treatment for ACI can maximize the level of treatment,improve neurological function and activities of daily living, as well as reduce the incidence of complications and increase the patients’ self-efficacy of patients, which is worthy of promotion.