氨制冷系统节能与安全技术

Energy Saving and Safety Technology of Ammonia Refrigeration System

氨是环保的自然制冷工质,在工业制冷领域已有一百多年的应用历史。本文从氨制冷系统的节能和安全两个研究方向进行讨论,分析了氨制冷系统节能的主要影响因素,包括冷凝形式、冷热联供、变频技术、自动化智能控制等;分析了氨制冷系统安全的主要影响因素,如低充注量技术、安全及可行性分析、安全仪表系统等。结果表明:科学合理使用以上两个方面的技术可有效提高氨制冷系统安全性和节能性。为推动氨制冷系统科学安全的使用及发展,提出需要加强氨制冷系统运维人员的专业培训教育,这对氨制冷系统安全运行至关重要。

Ammonia is an environment-friendly natural refrigerant and has been used in industrial refrigeration for more than a century.This paper discusses the energy-saving and safety technologies of the ammonia refrigeration system and presents an analysis of the factors that primarily affect the energy consumption of the ammonia refrigeration system,including the condensation form,combined cooling and heating,variable frequency technology,and automatic intelligent control.Safety factors are discussed based on low-charge technology,hazard and operability,and the safety of instrumentations.Results show that reasonably applying the above two technologies can effectively improve the safety and energy saving of ammonia refrigeration systems.To promote the safe application and technical development of ammonia refrigeration systems,professional training must be strengthened for personnel responsible for the operation and maintenance of ammonia refrigeration systems.