乡村振兴战略下返乡人员创业困境及生态重构

The Entrepreneurial Dilemma and Ecological Reconstruction of Returnees under the Rural Revitalization Strategy

农民工返乡创业是富民兴业、助力乡村振兴的重要举措,也是疫情防控常态化下稳岗就业的关键路径。文章借鉴生态系统理论,从城、乡双向创业资源网络视角,构建了包含创业者、创业要素、创业环境“三位一体”的创业生态体系,总结提炼了返乡人员创业资源嵌入机理,结合调研情况,对当前我国返乡人员创业三重困境进行了分析,从创新创业方式、搭建平台载体、培育创业主体、优化创业环境等方面提出了对策建议,为活跃乡村创业氛围、提升创业质量提供有益借鉴。

Migrant workers returning to their hometowns to start businesses is an important measure to enrich the people and help the rural revitalization,and it is also a key path to stabilize jobs and employment under the nor⁃malization of epidemic prevention and control.Drawing on the theory of ecosystem,and from the perspective of the two-way entrepreneurial resource network between urban and rural areas,this paper constructs a“three-in-one”entrepreneurial ecosystem including entrepreneurs,entrepreneurial elements and entrepreneurial environment,and summarizes and refines the embedded mechanism of entrepreneurial resources for returnees.Combining the re⁃search situation of the research team,this paper analyzes the current triple dilemma of entrepreneurship of returnees in China,and puts forward countermeasure suggestions from the aspects of innovating entrepreneurship modes,building platform carriers,fostering entrepreneurial players,optimizing entrepreneurial environment,etc.,so as to provide useful reference for activating rural entrepreneurial atmosphere and improving entrepreneurial quality.