早期下床活动对主动脉夹层患者术后舒适感及并发症的影响

Effect of Early Getting Out of Bed on Postoperative Comfort and Complications of Patients with Aortic Dissection

目的:探讨早期下床活动对主动脉夹层患者术后舒适感及并发症的影响。方法:将南昌大学第一附属医院2019年12月-2021年5月收治的121例主动脉夹层术后患者作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法将其分为对照组(n=60)和观察组(n=61)。对照组采取术后24 h下床活动,观察组采取术后12 h下床活动。观察两组恢复情况、舒适感、运动能力及并发症发生情况。结果:干预后,观察组排气时间、排便时间、住院时间均短于对照组(P<0.05)。干预后,两组生理、心理精神、环境、社会文化评分均较干预前升高,且观察组均高于对照组(P<0.05)。干预后,两组最大摄氧量(VO)、最大运动负荷(MWL)、6分钟步行试验(6MWT)均较干预前改善,且观察组VO、MWL均高于对照组,6MWT长于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组并发症发生率为4.92%,低于对照组的16.67%(P<0.05)。结论:术后12 h下床活动可提高主动脉夹层术后患者运动能力,促进排便排气,提高舒适感,缩短住院时间,从而降低并发症发生率。

Objective:To explore the effect of early getting out of bed on postoperative comfort and complications of patients with aortic dissection.Method:A total of 121 patients admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University from December 2019 to May 2021 after aortic dissection were selected as the study subjects,they were divided into control group(n=60)and observation group(n=61)according to random number table method.The control group got out of bed 24 h after operation,and the observation group got out of bed 12 h after operation.The recovery,comfort,exercise ability and complications of the two groups were observed.Result:After intervention,the exhaust time,defecation time and hospitalization time of observation group were shorter than those of control group(P<0.05).After intervention,the scores of physiology,psychophysiology,environment and social culture in the two groups were higher than those before intervention,and those in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).After intervention,the maximum oxygen uptake(VO),maximum exercise load(MWL)and 6-minute walk test(6MWT)of the two groups were improved compared with before intervention,and the VOand MWL of the observation group were higher than those of the control group,and 6MWT was longer than that of the control group(P<0.05).The complication rate in observation group was 4.92%,lower than 16.67%in control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Getting out of bed 12 h after operation can improve the exercise capacity of patients after aortic dissection,promote defecation and exhaust,improve comfort,shorten hospital stay and reduce the incidence of complications.