云南鸡血藤水提物和醇提物的体外抗菌活性研究

IN VITRO STUDY ON THE ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITIES OF THE ETHANOL EXTRACTS AND WATER EXTRACTS OF SPATHOLOBUS SUBERECTUS DUNN

为了研究云南鸡血藤水提物及醇提物的体外抗菌活性,采用琼脂扩散法和微量肉汤稀释法研究云南鸡血藤水提物及75%乙醇提取物对6种细菌(表皮葡萄球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、大肠杆菌、绿脓杆菌、变形杆菌)和2种真菌(白假丝酵母菌和黑曲霉)的抗菌活性。进一步研究云南鸡血藤的不同提取物对热、紫外光的稳定性。结果表明,云南鸡血藤叶水提物及75%醇提物对各种革兰氏阳性菌均敏感,且75%醇提物的抗菌活性明显强于水提取物。云南鸡血藤75%乙醇提取物对革兰氏阳性菌的最小抑菌浓度(MIC)范围为1.03~4.12 mg/mL,而水提取物对革兰氏阳性菌的最小抑菌浓度(MIC)范围为2.06~4.12 mg/mL。云南鸡血藤提取物对100℃以下温度不敏感,经121℃高温处理,75%乙醇提取物抗金黄色葡萄球菌和表皮葡萄球菌效力显著降低,水提物抗表皮葡萄球菌的效力显著降低。随着紫外光照射时间的延长,两种不同提取物的抗菌活性基本不变。云南鸡血藤醇提物的体外抗菌活性优于水提物的体外抗菌活性,本研究为临床上应用云南鸡血藤提取物作为抗菌制剂提供了理论基础和实验依据。

The purpose of this study was to investigate the in vitro antimicrobial activity of the water extracts and alcohol extracts of Spatholobus suberectus Dunn.The ethanol extract and the water extract from S.suberectus were examined for the antimicrobial activities against six bacteria(Staphylococcus epidermidis,Staphylococcus aureus,Bacillus subtilis,Escherichia coli,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,and Proteus vulgaris)and two fungi(Candida albicans and Aspergillus nigar)by disc diffusion method and micro broth dilution method.Their stabilities to temperature and ultraviolet were also studied.The results showed that the ethanol extracts and the water extracts exhibited high susceptivity to gram-positive bacteria,except gram-negative bacteria and fungi.The ethanol extracts showed higher antibacterial activities than the water extracts.The range of minimal inhibitory concentration(MIC)of ethanol extracts against gram-positive bacteria is 1.03 to 4.12 mg/mL,while that of the water extracts is 2.06 to 4.12 mg/mL.The extracts were stabile to temperature(≤100℃)and ultraviolet.Treated with 121℃,the activities of the ethanol extracts against S.aureus and S.epidermidis,and the activities of the water extracts against S.epidermidis significantly decreased.This study provided scientific basis for the application of ethanol and water extract from S.suberectus as antibacterial preparation in clinic.