临近飞行最高年限海军飞行人员的疾病谱与鉴定

Disease spectrum and medical waiver of naval aircrews near the maximum age for flight

目的对临近飞行最高年限的海军飞行人员的临床资料进行回顾性研究,分析其疾病谱和特许医学鉴定结论,为海军飞行人员临床航卫保障提供理论依据。方法收集2019年12月—2021年5月在海军特色医学中心体检的36例46岁以上海军飞行人员的病例资料,对其年龄、飞行机种、体检发现所患疾病的种类及飞行结论进行描述性统计分析,并计算其疾病构成比及系统疾病顺位。结果36例海军飞行人员共检出40种疾病,降序排序依次为甲状腺疾病、高脂血症、冠状动脉硬化、胃炎、肺结节、结直肠息肉、胆囊息肉、心肌桥、高血压、Ⅰ度房室传导阻滞。而超龄特许医学鉴定不合格的常见疾病仍是心脑血管疾病。结论影响临近飞行最高年龄人员飞行结论的最主要疾病是心脑血管疾病。如果能对其飞行能力更加科学的评估,就可以适当延长其飞行年限。

Objective To provide data for aviation safety of naval flight crews via a retrospective study of the clinical data of naval flight crews near the maximum age for flight,disease spectrum and reasons for disqualification.Methods The clinical data of 36 naval flight crews over 46 years old who were refitted for physical examination in Navy Medical Center between December 2019 and May 2021 was collected.Their age,types of aircraft,types of diseases detected during physical examinations and conclusions about their eligibility for flight were statistically analyzed while the constituent ratio of diseasesand ranking of system diseases were determined.Results A total of 40 types of diseases were detected in these 36 naval flight crews.The most prevalent was thyroid diseases,followed by hyperlipidemia,coronary atherosclerosis,gastritis,pulmonar y nodules,colorectal polyps,gallbladder polyps,myocardial bridge,hyper tension,and degree I atrioventricular block.However,the common diseases that failed to pass the medical waiver for pilots beyond the age limit were still cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.Conclusion Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are the dominating diseases that make a difference to conclusionsabout the ability of naval flight crews to continue flight who are near the maximum age for flight.Correctassessment of their eligibility for flight can extend their careers to some extent.