《公司法》修改背景下执行变更追加瑕疵出资股东的制度路径

Institutional Path to Catch Up Shareholders in Enforcement of Company’s Liability in the Context of Company Law’s Amendment

我国《公司法》司法解释确立了瑕疵出资股东对公司债权人的补充赔偿责任。公司债权人在行使其针对股东的此种请求权时,除提起诉讼外,根据强制执行相关司法解释,还可在对公司的强制执行程序中直接申请法院变更追加瑕疵出资股东为被执行人。但此种执行实践在与实体法和诉讼法的衔接上均存在问题,相关实体法与诉讼法的规则原则对其正当性提出了挑战。正值我国《公司法》修改及民事强制执行立法进行之际,为了防止股东实体法地位降低、实体与程序权利受损,对所谓瑕疵出资股东应当采取“限制性追加模式”,不宜一般性地允许公司债权人的追加变更申请。

Chinese Company Law’s judicial interpretations have provided Liability of shareholders who failed in contribution of capital to creditors of the company.Creditors can file a lawsuit to bring up their claims to shareholders as well as apply enforcing court to catch up failing shareholders in enforcement procedure of company’s liability.However,the latter kind of judicial practices does not consist with substantive law and procedure law,in that provisions and principles in law challenge its legitimacy.In the context of amendment of Company Law and lawmaking of Enforcement Procedure,in order to prevent degradation of shareholders’legal status and prejudice to their rights,we should not generally allow creditors’application to catch up shareholders in the enforcement of company’s liability,other than in a restrained way.