《短歌行》的政治隐喻与为文心态

Political Metaphor and Literary Mentality in A Short Song Ballad

《短歌行》“对酒”篇的主题是学者争论的焦点,原因在于此诗的意脉与文本结构充满了矛盾。“忧”是统摄《短歌行》的情感基调,曹操化用《诗经》中《子衿》与《鹿鸣》篇为诗歌意象,使“忧”的表露含蓄深婉,晦涩难明。实际上,这种语意的模糊性以及诗歌意脉的不连贯性含有强烈的政治隐喻,反映了诗人与汉室之间的矛盾。曹操希望通过诗歌的方式使心向汉室的士人群体领会诗外之旨,并表明自己无篡汉之意;而他以周公自比的心态则显示出其调和两大政治集团以完成大一统夙愿的雄心壮志。

The theme of“wine”in A Short Song Ballad has always been the focus of debate among scholars,because the meaning and text structure of the poem are full of contradictions.“Worry”is the emotional tone that dominates the whole chapter of A Short Song Ballad.Cao Cao uses the Zijin and Luming chapters of The Book of Songs as poetic images to make the expression of“worry”implicit,deep and obscure.In fact,the ambiguity of meaning and the incoherence of poetic meaning contain strong political metaphor.A Short Song Ballad reflects the contradiction between the poet and the Han Dynasty.Cao Cao hoped that through poetry,the group of scholars who were interested in the Han Dynasty would understand the purpose outside the poem and showed that he had no intention of usurping the Han Dynasty,while his attitude of self-comparison with the Duke of Zhou showed his ambition to reconcile the two political groups to achieve the long cherished wish of great reunification.