区块链技术与政府数据开放制度的冲突及立体消解

Conflict and Three-Dimensional Resolution Between BlockchainTechnology and Government Data Opening System

区块链技术的去中心化抵触政府权威、代码自治排斥人本主义、不可篡改性阻碍数据删改,区块链的核心技术特征与传统以政府为核心的政务数据开放制度存在冲突。为实现二者有效兼容和同向发展,应以政府数据开放服务为宗旨、以技术工具主义为方式、以审慎上链为底线。具体的调和之道可以概括为立体式的三维进路:在理论维度,应构建区块链场景下政府数据开放的法教义学,立足体系性研究思维,摆脱纯粹对策论的束缚;在制度维度,通过制定《政府数据开放法》以满足区块链技术与政府数据开放融合发展的需求,推动制度的迭代升级;在技术维度,应当摒弃技术改造论,接纳技术优化论,在不改变区块链技术核心优势的基础上,通过链外存储等优化措施推动技术与法律的兼容。

The decentralization of blockchain technology resists government authority,code autonomy exclhumanism,and hinders data deletion.The core technical characteristics of blockchain are inconsistent with the traditional government data opening system with the government as the core.In order to achieve the effective compatibility and simultaneous development of the technology and system,we should take the government data opening service as the purpose,technology instrumentalism as the way,and upload to blockchain with caution as the bottom line.The specific way of reconciliation can be summarized as a three-dimensional approach.In the theoretical dimension,the legal doctrine of open government data in the blockchain scene should be built,based on the systematic research thinking,and get rid of the shackles of pure game theory.In the institutional dimension,a special Government Data Opening Law is formulated to meet the needs of the integrated development of blockchain technology and government data opening,and promote the iteration and upgrading of the system.In the technical dimension,the theory of technological transformation should be abandoned,the theory of technical optimization should be accepted.The compatibility of technology and law is promoted through optimization measures such as off-chain storage on the basis of not changing the core advantages of blockchain technology.