山区公路边坡工程智能分析与设计研究进展

State-of-the-Art of Intelligent Analysis and Design in Slope Engineering of Highways in Mountainous Areas

随着我国高速公路建设不断向中西部山区延伸,形成了大量高陡边坡,打破了原有山体的地质和生态平衡,极易诱发滑坡、坍塌、泥石流等地质灾害,严重威胁人民的生命和财产安全.因此,山区高陡边坡的稳定性分析、设计、处治、监测等问题一直是岩土工程中研究的热点和难点.由于岩土高陡边坡具有高不确定性、强非线性和动态演化的特征,基于经典理论的分析和计算方法对上述问题进行研究难以获得合理的解答,而人工智能技术方法具有处理非线性复杂系统的独特优势,现已成为解决公路边坡工程问题的有效手段.本文总结了最近10余年山区公路边坡工程中边坡稳定性智能分析计算与评价方法、边坡防护与加固智能设计计算方法、边坡智能监测技术、滑坡智能识别和预测、岩质边坡结构面智能识别以及岩土体参数智能反演等方面的主要研究进展,并简要说明了在山区公路边坡稳定性分析与加固设计、现场监测和滑坡预测等方面推进智能化建设的进一步发展方向.

As the construction of highways extend to the mountainous areas in the central and western regions in China,a large number of high-steep slopes have been generated.The construction process not only broke the geological and ecological balance of the original mountains,but also easily to induce geological disasters such as landslides,collapses and debris flows,which seriously threaten people’s lives and property safety.Therefore,some problems of high-steep slopes in mountainous areas have always been the key and difficult points in geotechnical engineering,including stability analysis,design,treatment and monitoring.However,due to the characteristics of high uncertainty,strong nonlinearity and dynamic evolution of high-steep slopes,it is difficult to obtain reasonable answers to the above problems based on analysis and calculation methods of classical theory.Artificial intelligence technology has the unique advantage of dealing with nonlinear complex systems,and it has become an effective means to solve slope engineering problems in highway.Therefore,this paper summarizes the main research progress in several fields of slope engineering of highway in mountainous areas in the past 10 years,including intelligent analysis calculation and evaluation method of slope stability,calculation method for intelligent design of slope protection and reinforcement,intelligent monitoring technology of slope,intelligent identification and prediction of landslides,intelligent inversion of rock and soil parameters,intelligent identification of rock slope structural planes,and so on.Furthermore,the further development direction of intelligent construction of slope engineering in highway is briefly explained in the fields of slope stability analysis and reinforcement design,on-site monitoring and landslide prediction.