区块链刑事诉讼电子数据存证:法理基础、实践及前瞻

Electronic Data Storage and Certification of Blockchain Criminal Procedure:Legal Basis Practice and Prospect

2019年首例涉及区块链刑事诉讼电子数据存证的网络诈骗案判决的亮相,开启了区块链电子数据存证与刑事诉讼相结合的篇章。司法机关联合区块链技术团队利用区块链技术将刑事诉讼电子数据上链保存,使上链后的电子数据具有防篡改性、完整性,较好地补上了过去电子数据“难保存、易篡改”的短板。然而就区块链电子数据存证与刑事诉讼结合的长远发展而言,未来区块链刑事诉讼电子数据存证仍需要面对法理基础支撑、立法规制、存证平台的中立性等若干问题。区块链刑事诉讼电子数据存证的稳定发展要从立法和技术两个维度出发,明确区块链刑事诉讼电子数据存证的法律地位和主体资格,规定区块链刑事诉讼电子数据存证的案件范围,建立区块链刑事诉讼电子数据存证录音录像制度,统一区块链存证行业标准,保障区块链刑事诉讼电子数据存证平台的中立性。

The debut of the first online fraud case involving electronic data storage of blockchain criminal proceedings in 2019,it opens the chapter of combining electronic data storage of block chain with criminal proceedings.Judicial organs jointly with the blockchain technical team use the blockchain technology to save the electronic data of criminal proceedings on the chain,so that the electronic data after the chain has tamper-proof and integrity,and make up for the shortcoming of“difficult to preserve and easy to tamper”of electronic data in the past.However,in terms of the long-term development of the combination of electronic data storage in blockchain criminal proceedings and criminal proceedings,electronic data storage in blockchain criminal proceedings in the future still needs to face several problems such as legal basis support,legislative regulation,and the neutrality of the storage platform.The stable development of electronic data storage in blockchain criminal proceedings should proceed from two dimensions of legislation and technology,the legal status and subject qualification of electronic data storage in blockchain criminal proceedings shall be clarified,to stipulate the scope of cases for electronic data storage in blockchain criminal proceedings,a sound recording and video recording system for electronic data storage of blockchain criminal proceedings shall be established,unify the block chain certification industry standards,we will ensure the neutrality of the blockchain electronic data storage platform for criminal proceedings.