论明代各时期瓷器的特点

On the Characteristics of Porcelain in Various Periods of the Ming Dynasty

明代,景德镇陶瓷已进入一个空前生产的新高度,也已成为全国乃至全球制瓷业中心。明王朝设立的御器厂更是不惜工本、精益求精制造了许多震惊世人的新品种,其中,以青花、五彩和颜色釉为主流,形成别具一格的时代艺术风格,将艺术陶瓷带入了一个全新领域。随着商品经济的蓬勃发展,也激发出民窑的新活力,在市场上更是出现了“官民竞市”的繁荣局面。宋应星在《天工开物》中说:“合并数郡,不敌江西饶郡产……若夫中华四裔,驰名猎取者,皆饶郡浮梁景德镇之产也”。由此可见景德镇瓷器当时的影响力。

In the Ming Dynasty,Jingdezhen ceramics has entered a new height of unprecedented production,and has become a national and even global porcelain industry center.The imperial ware factory set up by the Ming Dynasty spared no effort in cost and kept improving,and produced many new varieties that shocked the world.Among them,blue and white,colorful and color glaze were the mainstream,forming a unique artistic style of the times,which brought artistic ceramics into a new field.With the vigorous development of commodity economy,it also stimulates the new vitality of folk kilns,and there is a prosperous situation of "officials and people competing for the market" in the market.Song yongxing said in "natural work opens things" that "if several counties are merged,they will lose the production of Rao County in Jiangxi Province...If the husband is of four Chinese descent and famous hunters,they are all the production of Jingdezhen,Fuliang,Rao County".This shows the influence of Jingdezhen porcelain at that time.