不同机型飞行人员SCL-90调查及心理健康状况评估

Mental health status for flight personnel of different types of aircraft by SCL-90

目的对不同机型飞行人员心理健康状况进行调查评估和分析,为飞行人员心理卫生保障提供理论依据。方法采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)对102名歼击机、108名轰炸机和106名运输机飞行人员进行心理测试,按照症状严重程度采用5级评分法计分,并进行统计分析。结果歼击机飞行员阳性症状检出率5.88%,轰炸机飞行人员阳性症状检出率33.33%,运输机飞行人员阳性症状检出率33.96%,歼击机飞行员阳性症状人数比例明显低于轰炸机和运输机。3种不同机型飞行人员阳性症状检出率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。歼击机飞行员SCL-90得分与轰炸机和运输机相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01);轰炸机和运输机飞行人员SCL-90得分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。歼击机飞行员SCL-90得分均低于军人常模和普通常模,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01);轰炸机飞行人员人际关系、恐怖和偏执因子得分低于军人常模,人际关系因子得分低于普通常模,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);运输机飞行人员SCL-90总分、总均分、人际关系、抑郁、焦虑、敌对性、偏执和精神病性低于军人常模,人际关系得分低于普通常模,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论飞行人员心理健康整体水平优于军人常模和普通常模,但也存在不同的心理健康问题,要有针对性地做好不同机型飞行人员的心理健康维护和训练。

Objective To evaluate and analyze the mental health status of flight personnel of different types of aircraft,and provide data for mental health protection of flight personnel.Methods The SCL-90 was used to conduct psychological tests on 102 fighter pilots,108 bomber pilots and 106 transportation pilots.The scores were recorded according to the severity of symptoms using the 5-level scoring method.SPSS 22.0 was used for statistical analysis.Results The detection rate of positive symptoms among fighter pilots,bomber pilots and transport pilots accounted for 5.88%,33.33%and 33.96%respectively.The proportion of positive symptoms among fighter pilots was significantly lower than among bomber and transportation pilots.There was significant difference in positive symptoms between the three types of pilots(P<0.01).The SCL-90 score of fighter pilots was significantly different from that of bomber and transportation pilots(P<0.05 or PV0.01).There was no significant difference in SCL-90 scores between bomber pilots and transportation pilots(P>0.05).The SCL-90 score of fighter pilots was significantly lower than the military norm and common norm(P<0.05 or P<0.01).The scores of interpersonal relationships,terror and paranoia of bomber pilots were significantly lower than those of the military norm,and the scores of interpersonal relationship factors were significantly lower than those of the common norm(P<0.05).The SCL-90 total score,total average score,and scores of interpersonal relationships,depression,anxiety,hostility,paranoia and psychosis of transportation pilots were significantly lower than the military norm.The interpersonal relationship score was significantly lower than the general norm(P<0.05).Conclusion Flight personnel of different types of aircraft have different mental health problems,but the overall level is better than military norm and the common norm.Fighter pilots are more mentally healthy than bomber pilots and transportation pilots.