基于碳污协同影响的西安市宅旁绿地优化设计研究

Study on the optimal design of green space next to houses in Xi′an based on the synergistic influence of carbon and pollution

宅旁绿地对居住区碳排放和室外PM2.5扩散分布都有重要的影响,不同的宅旁绿地形式通过调节微气候影响建筑能耗和碳排放,加之植物自身的碳汇功能,带来综合减碳量的变化.通过将微气候和建筑能耗进行耦合,对13种工况下不同绿地面积和绿地形式进行了模拟核算和相关性分析,研究表明:节能碳汇随着绿地面积的增大而增大,但绿地率超过35%后节能碳汇基本维持稳定,植物碳汇则随着绿地面积增大而持续增大,呈现数倍于其节能碳汇的趋势.宅旁绿地影响下的PM2.5扩散分布和住宅建筑碳核算具有显著相关性,基于碳污协同影响,西安市宅旁绿地优先推荐乔灌形式,其次为乔灌草,最不利形式为乔草,绿地率为35%的乔灌形式绿地为经济与生态效益综合最优方案.

The green space next to the house has an important impact on residential carbon emissions and outdoor PM2.5 diffusion distribution.Different forms of residential green space affect building energy consumption and carbon emissions by regulating microclimate,and plants have the carbon sink function,thus bringing about changes in comprehensive carbon reduction.Through coupling microclimate and building energy consumption,this paper conducts simulation accounting and correlation analysis on different green space area and green space form under 13 working conditions.The research finds that:The energy-saving carbon sink increases with the increase of green space area,but the energy-saving carbon sink basically remains stable when the green space rate exceeds 35%,while the plant carbon sink continues to increase with the increase of green space area,showing a trend several times larger than its energy-saving carbon sink.There is a significant correlation between PM2.5 diffusion distribution under the influence of green space near houses and carbon accounting of residential buildings.Based on the synergistic effect of carbon and pollution,the green land near houses in Xi′an was recommended as the form of tree-shrub first,followed by tree-shrub-grass,and the most unfavorable form was tree-grass.The rate of green land was 35%and the green land in the form of tree-shrub was the best comprehensive scheme of economic and ecological benefits.