摘要
Colorecal cancer(CRC)is one of the main causes of cancer-related mortality in the deweloped world despite recent developments in detection and treatment Several epidemiologial studis indicate that metformin,a widdy prescribed antidiabetic drug,exerts a protective effect on different cancers incuding CRC.Furthermore,a recent double blind placebo controlled,randomized trial showed that metformin significantly decreased colorectal adenoma recurrence.Studics exploring the medhanism of action of metformin in cells derived from different types of ancers reported many efects including rapiratory chain complex 1 inhibition,Akt phosphorylation inhibition,ATP depltion,PKA activation and Wnt signaling inhibition.However,many of these results were obtained employing metformin at concentrations several fold higher than those achieved in target tissuas in diabetic patients receiving therapeutic recommended doses of metformin.In contrast,recent studies obtained with metformin at concentrations compatible with those detected in human intestins revealed that metformin dicit responses that targetβ-catenin,PI3KAkt,E-adherin,pl20-catenin and focal adhesion kinase which are key molecules and signaling pathways associated to colorectal cancar development.This brief review revisit several know aspects as well as nowd ones on the effects of metformin on cancer cells.
