海宁市居民血脂异常的影响因素分析

Factors affecting dyslipidemia among residents in Haining City

目的了解浙江省海宁市居民血脂异常患病情况及影响因素,为血脂异常防制提供依据。方法采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法抽取海宁市5个乡镇(街道)的1953名15~69岁居民为调查对象,收集人口学资料、吸烟、饮酒、家族史和慢性病患病情况;测量身高、体重、腰围和血压;检测空腹血糖、血尿酸和血脂水平;分析居民血脂异常患病率,采用2020年第七次全国人口普查数据进行标化;采用多因素logistic回归模型分析血脂异常的影响因素。结果有效调查1893人,其中男性949人,占50.13%;女性944人,占49.87%;年龄为(47.90±14.34)岁。检出血脂异常513例,血脂异常患病率为27.10%,标化患病率为27.01%;高三酰甘油血症、高胆固醇血症、高低密度脂蛋白胆固醇血症和低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇血症检出率分别为16.53%、3.22%、1.74%和15.27%。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,男性(OR=1.571,95%CI:1.268~1.947)、脑卒中家族史(OR=1.645,95%CI:1.192~2.270)、高尿酸血症(OR=1.809,95%CI:1.370~2.388)、中心性肥胖(OR=1.423,95%CI:1.066~1.900)、肥胖(OR=1.736,95%CI:1.335~2.257)和体重过低(OR=0.171,95%CI:0.049~0.593)与血脂异常存在统计学关联。结论海宁市15~69岁居民血脂异常患病率低于全国水平,以高三酰甘油血症和低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇血症为主。男性、肥胖、有脑卒中家族史和高尿酸血症者血脂异常患病风险较高。

Objective To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of dyslipidemia among residents in Haining City,Zhejiang Province,so as to provide into the management of dyslipidemia.Methods Totally 1953 residents at ages of 15 to 69 years were recruited using a multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method in 5 townships(streets)of Hainan City.Subjects'demographic features,smoking status,alcohol consumption,family history of diseases and development of chronic diseases were collected.The height,body weight,waist circumstance and blood pressure were measured,and the fasting blood glucose,serum uric acid and blood lipid levels were determined.The prevalence of dyslipidemia was ana⁃lyzed and standardized by the 7th population census data.The factors affecting dyslipidemia were identified using a mul⁃tivariable logistic regression model.Results Totally 1893 valid questionnaires were recovered.The respondents includ⁃ed 949 males(50.13%)and 944 females(49.87%),and had a mean age of(47.90±14.34)years.A total of 513 partici⁃pants were detected with dyslipidemia,and the prevalence and standardized prevalence of dyslipidemia were 27.10%and 27.01%,respectively.The prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia,hypercholesterolemia,hyperlipoproteinemia and hypolipo⁃proteinemia was 16.53%,3.22%,1.74%and 15.27%,respectively.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that male(OR=1.571,95%CI:1.268-1.947),family history of stroke(OR=1.645,95%CI:1.192-2.270),hyperuricemia(OR=1.809,95%CI:1.370-2.388),central obesity(OR=1.423,95%CI:1.066-1.900),obesity(OR=1.736,95%CI:1.335-2.257),underweight(OR=0.171,95%CI:0.049-0.593)significantly correlated with dyslipidemia.Conclusions The prevalence of dyslipidemia is lower than the national level among residents at ages of 15 to 69 years in Haining City,and hypertri⁃glyceridemia and hypolipoproteinemia are predominant types of dyslipidemia.Male,obesity,family history of stroke and hyperuricemia are risk factors of dyslipidemia.