电针和预电针改善急性肺损伤大鼠肺功能的效应差异

Comparison of effects of routine electroacupuncture and pre-electroacupuncture in improving lung function in acute lung injury rats

目的:观察电针及预电针肺经“太渊”对急性肺损伤大鼠肺组织病理变化、肺通气、膈肌肌电及肺泡灌洗液中肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素(IL)-1β和IL-10含量的影响,探讨电针及预电针对急性肺损伤大鼠的效应差异。方法:雄性SD大鼠随机分为对照组、模型组、电针组及预电针组,每组23只。采用0.5%脂多糖溶液(5mg/kg)复制急性肺损伤模型。电针组于造模后5h给予电针“太渊”干预20min;预电针组于造模前1、3、5d给予同样的电针“太渊”干预。通过小动物肺功能检测系统观察大鼠肺动态顺应性、潮气量、肺阻力、每分钟通气量、最大吸气流量、最大呼气流量等肺通气功能变化;用电生理学方法记录膈肌肌电,并分析肌电积分和呼吸频率变化;用HE染色法及肺损伤评分评价各组大鼠肺组织病理改变;用ELISA法检测肺泡灌洗液中TNF-α、IL-1β和IL-10的含量。结果:与对照组比较,模型组大鼠肺动态顺应性、潮气量、每分钟通气量、最大吸气流量显著降低(P<0.0001),肺阻力、膈肌肌电总积分、肺损伤评分及肺泡灌洗液TNF-α、IL-1β含量均升高(P<0.05,P<0.001,P<0.01)。与模型组比较,电针组大鼠肺动态顺应性、潮气量、每分钟通气量、最大吸气流量、膈肌肌电总积分及单个积分均升高(P<0.01,P<0.001,P<0.05);预电针组潮气量、每分钟通气量、最大吸气流量、肺泡灌洗液IL-10含量显著升高(P<0.01,P<0.05),肺损伤评分、肺泡灌洗液TNF-α、IL-1β含量降低(P<0.05)。对照组大鼠肺组织出现少量中性粒细胞浸润,无水肿;模型组大鼠肺组织出现明显的中性粒细胞浸润、红细胞渗出及肺泡间隔增厚等病理改变;电针组肺组织有明显中性粒细胞浸润、肺泡间隔增厚,与模型组差异不明显;预电针组肺组织中性粒细胞浸润减少,肺泡增厚情况减轻。结论:预电针和电针“太渊”都可以改善急性肺损伤大鼠肺功能,预电针效应与局部炎性因子调节有关,而电针效应与肺通气功能、呼吸动力学改善有关。

Objective To observe the effect of electroacupuncture(EA)and pre-EA at“Taiyuan”(LU9)on histopathological changes,pulmonary ventilation function,pneodynamics,and contents of TNF-α,IL-1βand IL-10in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in rats with acute lung injury(ALI),in order to explore their differences of therapeutic effects.Methods A total of 92male SD rats were randomly divided into control,model,routine EA and pre-EA groups,with 23rats in each group.The ALI rat model was established by instillation of 0.5%lipopolysaccharide solution(5mg/kg)intratracheally.EA(3mA,10Hz)was applied to bilateral LU9for 20min,once 5hafter modeling for rats of the routine EA group,and once on the 1^(st),3^(rd) and 5^(th) day respectively before modeling for rats of the pre-EA group.The pulmonary ventilation functions,including dynamic lung compliance(Cdyn),tidal volume(TV),minute ventilation volume(MV),lung resistance,peak inspiratory flow(PIF),peak expiratory flow(PEF),were measured by using a small animal lung function detection system.The electromyogram(EMG)of the diaphragm muscle was recorded for observing changes of the total integral electromyogram(iEMG),single iEMG and respiration rate.Pathological changes of the lung tissue were scored after H.E.staining.The contents of TNF-α,IL-1βand IL-10in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Results Compared with the control group,the Cdyn,TV,MV and PIF considerably decreased(P<0.0001),and the lung resistance,total iEMG of diaphragm muscle,lung injury score,and contents of TNF-αand IL-1βwere significantly increased(P<0.05,P<0.001,P<0.01)in the model group.In comparison with the model group,the TV,MV and PIF in both routine EA and pre-EA groups,and the Cdyn,total iEMG and single iEMG in the routine EA group,as well as the IL-10 content in the pre-EA group were significantly increased(P<0.01,P<0.001,P<0.05),whereas the lung injury score,and contents of TNF-αand IL-1βwere significantly decreased in the pre-EA group(P<0.05).Conclusion Both pre-EA and routine EA at LU9can improve the lung function of ALI model rats.Pre-electroacupuncture is related to local immunoregulation,while electroacupuncture is mainly related to the improvement of pulmonary ventilation function and respiratory motility.