塞西时代的埃及高等教育改革:动因、举措与评析

Egypt’s Higher Education Reform Under Abdel Fattah Al-Sisi Regime: Motivations, Measures and Comments

2011年革命后,埃及经济复苏背景下对人才的巨大需求以及高等教育系统本身存在的问题共同触发了塞西政府对高等教育的改革。其改革的举措有改变人才培养方向,推动高等教育与劳动力市场连接;发挥社会服务职能,促进高等教育对民生福祉的贡献;提升国际化水平,推动高等教育与世界接轨。塞西政府执政七年多来,埃及高等教育在教育质量、社会服务能力、国际排名方面都取得了一定进展,但改革还面临着缺乏资金保障、内在动力不足和人力资源短缺的困境。在“一带一路”倡议背景下,中埃两国在高等教育领域的合作需求不断上升,研究塞西政府的高等教育改革有助于我们正确把握埃及高等教育的发展方向和需求,推动两国高等教育合作的精准化、科学化和长效化。

After the 2011 revolution, the huge demand for talents under the background of Egypt’s economic reform and the existing problems in Egypt’s higher education triggered the reform of higher education. The higher education reform measures taken by the Sisi government include promoting the integration of higher education with the labor market, giving full play to the social service function of higher education and improving the internationalization level of higher education. In the past seven years since the Sisi government was in power, Egypt’s higher education has made some progress in terms of educational quality, social service capacity and international ranking, but the reform is still faced with the dilemma of lack of financial guarantee, lack of internal motivation and shortage of human resources. Under the background of the belt and Road Initiative, the cooperation demand of China and Egypt in the field of higher education is constantly rising. Studying the higher education reform of the Sisi government can help us correctly grasp the development direction and demand of Egypt’s higher education, and promote the precision, scientific and long-term cooperation of higher education between the two countries.