2019—2020年安宁市老年人血脂异常流行现状及影响因素分析

Prevalence and Influencing factors of dyslipidemia among the elderly in Anning City from 2019 to 2020

目的了解安宁市老年人血脂异常情况及其影响因素,为其防治提供策略依据。方法于2019—2020年采用多阶段概率比例分层法随机抽取安宁市60岁及以上老年人9709人,用问卷、体格检查及实验室检查的方法进行数据收集,对其结果采用χ^(2)检验、非条件二分类Logistic回归等方法进行分析。结果安宁市9709名老年人中,血脂异常总检出率为33.81%(95%CI:32.87%~34.75%)。其中,高总胆固醇血症、高甘油三酯血症、低高密度脂蛋白血症和高低密度脂蛋白血症检出率分别为16.22%、17.85%、4.88%和14.61%;女性血脂异常检出率(39.24%)高于男性(27.08%),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=158.61,P=0.0001);低HDL_C血症检出率随年龄的升高有上升趋势(χ_(趋势)^(2)=-4.60,P=0.0001),其他率有下降趋势(χ_(趋势)^(2)=4.95、8.19、4.21、2.90,P均=0.0001);不同地区检出率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=38.70,P=0.0001),其中连然街道最高(37.76%),最低的是青龙街道30.02%。Logistic回归结果显示,女性(OR=1.942)、高血压(OR=1.284)、糖尿病(OR=1.495)、超重(OR=1.466)、肥胖(OR=1.578)、高尿酸血症(OR=1.651)的老年人患血脂异常的可能性较高,而年龄(OR=0.927)、偏瘦(OR=0.651)是血脂异常的保护因素(P均<0.05)。结论安宁市老年人血脂异常检出率低于全国水平,女性、高血压、糖尿病、超重、肥胖、高尿酸血症为主要危险因素。

Objective To investigate the prevalence of dyslipidemia and its influencing factors in the elderly in Anning City so as to provide evidence for its prevention and control.Methods A total of 9709 elderly people aged 60 years and above were surveyed in Anning city from September 2019 to 2020.The data were collected by questionnaire,physical examination and laboratory examination.Chi-square tests and conditional binary logistic regression were used for statistical analysis.Results The total detection rate of dyslipidemia was 33.81%(95%CI:32.87%-34.75%).Specifically,the detection rates of hyper total cholesterolemia,hyper triglycerideemia,low high-density lipoprotein and high low-density lipoprotein were 16.22%,17.85%,4.88%and 14.61%,respectively.The detection rate of dyslipidemia in women(39.24%)was higher than that in men(27.08%,χ^(2)=158.61,P=0.0001).The detection rate of low HDL_C increased with age(χ_(trend)^(2) =-4.60,P=0.0001),whereas the other four types of detection rates decreased with age(χ_(trend)^(2) =8.19、4.21、2.90,P=0.0001).There were significant differences in the detection rate among different areas(χ^(2)=38.70,P=0.0001).The highest detection rate was found in Lianran Street(37.76%),but the lowest was found in Qinglong Street(30.02%).Logistic regression results showed that females(OR=1.942),hypertension(OR=1.284),diabetes(OR=1.495),overweight(OR=1.466),obesity(OR=1.578)and hyperuricemia(OR=1.651)were more likely to be dyslipidemia.Age(OR=0.927)and underweight(OR=0.651)were associated with lower odds of dyslipidemia(all P<0.05).Conclusions The detection rate of dyslipidemia in the elderly is lower than the national level in Anning City.Females,hypertension,diabetes,overweight,obesity and hyperuricemia are the main risk factors of dyslipidemia.