平台数字劳动是生产劳动吗--基于《政治经济学批判(1861-1863年手稿)》的分析

Is Digital Labor in Digital Platforms Productive Labor?--Based on the Perspective of "Critique of Political Economics(Manuscripts 1861-1863)"

数字平台中数字劳动可以分为三类:一类提供数字信息通信技术;一类生产数据和信息;一类提供服务.研究数字平台中数字劳动的生产性问题要把握好马克思考察生产劳动三个视角之间的关联性。对于提供数字信息通信技术的数字劳动而言,这类劳动由资本所雇佣,技术成为了商品,因而属于马克思视角下的生产劳动。对于生产数据和信息的数字劳动而言,这类劳动唯有被资本所雇佣,并把数据和信息加工成数字商品进行售卖才属于马克思视角下的生产劳动。对于提供服务的数字劳动而言,其中由资本所雇佣并生产可视化的数字服务商品的数字劳动属于马克思视角下的生产劳动,另一种直接提供服务的数字劳动则不属于马克思视角下的生产劳动。

Digital labor in digital platform can be divided into three categories:one provides digital information and communication technology,one produces data and information,and one provides services.To study the productivity of digital labor in digital platform,we must grasp the relevance between the three perspectives of Marx's theory of productive labor.As for digital labor that provides digital information and communication technology,this kind of labor is employed by capital,and technology becomes a commodity,so it belongs to the productive labor from the perspective of Marx.As for digital labor that produces data and information,it belongs to the productive labor only when it is employed by capital and packaged into digital goods for sale from Marx's perspective.As for the digital labor that provides services,the digital labor that is employed by capital and produces visual digital service goods belongs to the productive labor from the perspective of Marx,while the digital labor that directly provides services does not belong to the productive labor from the perspective of Marx.