传导与疏治:现代风险社会中的连锁风险

Conduction and Dredging Governance:Chain Risk in Modern Risk Society

自贝克提出“风险社会”以来,风险社会及其延伸问题就一直为社会各界所关注。在世界格局变动与新冠肺炎疫情等突发风险持续影响下,现代风险社会正在遭遇高度的不确定性与深度的治理困境。尤其伴随着原子化的个体社会向高度连接的数字社会逐步转型,一个风险点就可能借由高度连接的社会网络,短时间内急剧扩散并形成一系列连锁风险,进而在不同程度上影响民众的幸福感与安全感.

Since Beck proposed “risk society”, this concept and its extension have been concerned by the society. Under the continuous influence of sudden risks such as COVID-19, the modern risk society is encountering high uncertainty and deep governance difficulties. Especially with the gradual transformation from atomized individual society to a highly connected digital society, a risk point may rapidly spread and form a series of chain risks through highly connected social networks in a short time, thus affecting people’s happiness and social stability to varying degrees. Researcher Zhang Yi systematically combed the chain transmission characteristics of complex modern risks, which are usually manifested as “grey rhinoceros” or “black swan”, and have distinctive characteristics such as structure, internationality, convertibility, equality and inequality, uncertainty and unpredictability, as well as constructiveness. Professor Li Yingsheng pointed out that it is necessary to build a social policy support system to prevent and resolve people’s livelihood crises from three aspects: strengthening the underpinning of policies, building a long-term mechanism for grass-roots risk governance, and enhancing people’s ability to resist and prevent crises. Professor Chen Jinhua emphasized the importance of “reverse thinking” in chain risk management”. Professor Huang Xiaochun pointed out that risk governance should be brought into the track of rule of law, a closely coordinated risk governance system should be built, and systematic support should be provided for social forces to participate in risk governance. Professor Lin Mingang proposed that the key to solving the problem of “rapid governance failure” lies in the joint promotion, benign interaction and mutual empowerment of government administrative power and social autonomy. Researcher Han Keqing analyzed the generation logic of the chain risk caused by the COVID-19, the possible outbreak point of the chain risk, and the social repair mechanism of the chain risk. Professor Tang Yalin stressed that the way to manage the chain risk of mega cities is to go back to the way of neighbors’ helping each other. Zhao Xiaohang paid attention to the vulnerable group of middle-aged and elderly chronic patients, and ask for a multi sectoral cooperation in the COVID-19.