经济脆弱地区的家庭资本与儿童早期发展

The Family Capital and Early Childhood Development in Economically Vulnerable Areas of China

关注经济脆弱地区儿童的早期发展对于提升未来人力资本质量、阻断贫困代际传递具有重要意义。家庭为个体资本的获得做了最初的铺垫,但是已有研究并未系统地对家庭资本作用于儿童早期发展各方面能力的情况进行分析与探讨,而且对于经济脆弱地区的研究也仍有所欠缺。基于此,本研究使用来自西北经济脆弱地区的调查数据进行分析,结果发现样本地区婴幼儿整体发展情况不容乐观,其在个体发展五个能区上至少有一种能力存在发展迟缓问题的比例高达35.89%;家庭经济、文化、社会资本都与儿童早期发展结果显著正相关,但不同资本的具体作用发展能区有所不同。本研究发现为3岁以下婴幼儿照护服务政策的落实提供了具体的证据参考和政策建议。

Paying attention to the early childhood development in economically vulnerable areas is of great significance for improving the quality of potential human capital and blocking the intergenerational transmission of poverty.The family laid the foundation for the acquisition of individual capital.However,the association between different forms of family capital and the early development of infants and young children in various attributes has not been systematically stu-died and addressed.Furthermore,there are still weaknesses in current research in economically vulnerable regions.Based on this,by using survey data from Northwestern China,the study shows that the overall development status of infants and young children in the sample area is not optimistic.There are 35.89%of the infants and young children having at least one kind of developmental delay problem among the five attributes of individual ability.It also reveals that family economic,cultural,and social capital are all positively related to early childhood development outcomes,with the importance of different types of capital differing.The findings provide clear evidence references and policy recommendations for the government on care services for children under the age of three.