巴彦乌拉铀矿周围饮用井水中总放射性水平调查

Survey of total radioactivity in drinking well water around Bayanwula uranium mine

目的调查巴彦乌拉铀矿周围饮用井水中总放射性水平。方法采集2020年巴彦乌拉铀矿周围枯水期和丰水期饮用井水174份,以及居民家中经过滤后的饮用井水5份。分析枯水期和丰水期总α和总β放射性水平是否存在差异,总放射性水平与距离铀矿中心不同位置的关系,并对居民家中过滤后的饮用井水进行放射性水平调查。采用低本底α、β放射性测量仪测量分析其放射性水平。结果巴彦乌拉铀矿周围饮用井水中,枯水期总α范围为0.024~2.468 Bq/L,平均为(0.605±0.507)Bq/L,总β变化范围为0.125~1.395 Bq/L,平均为(0.420±0.235)Bq/L。丰水期总α变化范围为0.049~2.988 Bq/L,平均为(0.825±0.605)Bq/L,总β变化范围为0.059~1.623 Bq/L,平均为(0.506±0.265)Bq/L。距离铀矿中心位置水样的总放射性水平均值关系为10 km>30 km>20 km。结论巴彦乌拉铀矿周围饮用井水中的放射性活度偏高,丰水期水样中总α、总β放射性水平均大于枯水期,放射性水平较未开采前未见升高。

Objective To investigate the total radioactivity in drinking well water around the Bayanwula uranium mine.Methods Totally 174 samples of drinking well water and 5 samples of filtered well water from residential houses were collected during dry and wet seasons in 2020 around the Bayanwula uranium mine.Totalαand totalβradioactivity in dry season and wet season were analyzed for detrmining whether there were differences between them and the relation between total radioactivity with different locations away from the uranium center.The radioactivity in filtered drinking well water used in residential houses was also investigated.Radioactivity were measured and analyzed using low background alpha and beta radioactivity meters,and the data were analysed using SPSS analytical statistical method.Results In the drinking well water around Bayanwula uranium mine,the activity concentrations of totalαandβmeasured in dry season were 0.024-2.468 Bq/L with a mean of(0.605±0.507)Bq/L and 0.125-1.395 Bq/L with a mean of(0.420±0.235)Bq/L,respectively.The values measured in wet season were 0.049-2.988 Bq/L with a mean of(0.825±0.605)Bq/L for totalαand 0.059-1.623 Bq/L with a mean of(0.506±0.265)Bq/L for totalβ,respectively.The average value of total radioactivity in water samples was lower within 10,30 and 20 km of the uranium mine in the descending order.Conclusions The radioactivity in well water around the Bayanwula uranium mine is high,with the totalαandβin samples greater in wet season than in the dry season and without elevated levels as compared to the pre-mining background.