芍药甘草汤化学成分、药动学及药效学研究进展

Research progress on chemical components,pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic of Shaoyao Gancao Decoction

芍药甘草汤(SGD)属于中医经典方剂,源自汉朝张仲景《伤寒论》,由白芍和炙甘草2味中药组成。该方富含多种化学成分,包括萜类、皂苷类、黄酮类及多糖类等,以芍药总苷、甘草酸及甘草苷等为主要活性成分,临床上除广泛用于解痉镇痛外,还用于神经系统疾病、内分泌系统疾病等的治疗。现代药理研究发现,SGD在中枢系统方面具有镇痛、神经保护和解痉等作用,在消化系统方面可调节胃肠道蠕动,同时具有保肝、止咳平喘和治疗高催乳素血症等作用。通过分析SGD药动学相关研究,可为SGD的药效物质基础和药效学研究之间建立新的联系,为阐明量效关系和复方配伍规律提供思路,并为该方的临床合理应用及二次开发提供参考。

Shaoyao Gancao Decoction(SGD) is a classic traditional Chinese medicine formula,derived from Treatise on Febrile Diseases written by Zhang Zhongjing in the Han Dynasty.It is composed of two traditional Chinese medicines,Radix Paeoniae Alba and Radix Glycyrrhizae Preparata.This formula is rich in a variety of chemical components,including terpenoids,saponins,flavonoids and polysaccharides,and with total glucosides of paeony,glycyrrhizin and liquiritin as main active components.It is widely used in clinical treatment of diseases of nervous system and endocrine system in addition to spasmolysis and analgesia.Modern pharmacological studies have found that SGD has analgesic,neuroprotective and spasmolysis effects in the central system,can regulate gastrointestinal peristalsis in the digestive system,and has functions of protecting liver,relieving cough and relieving asthma and treating hyperlactation.In this paper,the pharmacokinetic studies of SGD are introduced in order to establish a new connection between pharmacodynamic substance basis and pharmacodynamics research of SGD,provide ideas for clarifying the dose-effect relationship and the rule of compound compatibility,and provide reference for the rational clinical application and secondary development of this formula.