双特异性抗体免疫疗法在复发/难治性多发性骨髓瘤中的研究新进展

Research advances of bispecific antibodies in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma

双特异性抗体(BsAb)是一种新型免疫疗法,能够通过主要组织相容性复合体(MHC)非限制性识别并结合肿瘤抗原,激活T细胞并靶向杀伤肿瘤细胞。目前,BsAb已成为血液肿瘤领域的研究热点。在复发/难治性多发性骨髓瘤(RRMM)患者中,针对B细胞成熟抗原(BCMA),G蛋白偶联受体家族C组5成员D(GPRC5D)和Fc受体同源物(FcRH)5靶点BsAb的早期临床试验已显示出良好的有效性和安全性,治疗反应率达70%~83%,其主要治疗不良反应为低级别细胞因子释放综合征(CRS)、血细胞减少和感染。笔者拟就BsAb的分类和功能、BsAb治疗RRMM的靶点及应用的最新研究进展进行阐述。

Bispecific antibodies(BsAb)are a novel type of immunotherapy,which could recognize and bind tumor antigens through major histocompatibility complex(MHC)-unrestricted pattern,activating T cells and targeted killing tumor cells.BsAb have become a research hotspot in the field of hematological tumors.Early-phase clinical trials of BsAb targeting B cell mature antigen(BCMA),G protein coupled receptor family C group 5 rember D(GPRC5D),and Fc receptor homologs(FcRH)5 have demonstrated promising efficacy and safety in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma(RRMM)patients,with response rates of 70%-83%,the main adverse events were low-grade cytokine release syndrome(CRS),cytopenia and infection.This article focuses on the latest research progress on the classification and function of BsAb,the target and application of BsAb in RRMM.