“一带一路”沿线城镇化进程与发展潜力研究

Research on the Process and Development Potential of Urbanization along the Belt and Road

城镇化是国家现代化的重要标志,它与经济发展水平密切相关。依据联合国经济和社会事务部1950~2018年人口城市化数据,“一带一路”沿线国家或地区的城镇化水平及城镇人口规模快速提升,城镇化率差异呈现“先扩大后缩小”的变化趋势,但当前差距依然较大,突出表现为欧洲与亚洲、非洲国家之间的差异;沿线大中小不同规模等级的城市快速增加,具有明显的大城市优先发展趋势;到2035年,“一带一路”沿线城镇人口规模及城镇化水平还将大幅增加,亚洲与非洲的大城市具有较大潜力。为进一步推动“一带一路”沿线城镇化高质量发展,未来可与沿线国家或地区积极分享中国城镇化发展经验,将城镇化合作纳入“一带一路”建设重点,与沿线城市积极开展友好交流,积极深化城镇化领域的合作。

Urbanization is an important symbol of national modernization and closely related to the level of economic development. Based on the data of 2018 Revision of World Urbanization Prospects produced by the Population Division of the UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs, it is found that urbanization rate and the size of urban population along the Belt and Road have risen rapidly, and the difference of urbanization rate show a trend of expanding first and then shrinking. However, the current gap is still large, which is highlighted by the differences between European countries and Asian, African countries. Cities of different size along the Belt and Road increased rapidly, and there is an obvious trend of giving priority to the development of large cities. By 2035, the population size and urbanization rate of cities and towns along the Belt and Road will continue to increase significantly, and large cities in Asia and Africa have great potential. In order to further promote the high-quality development of the Belt and Road, in the future, we should actively share China’s urbanization experience with countries or regions along the Belt and Road. The urbanization cooperation should be considered into the focus of the Belt and Road. Besides, we should conduct friendly exchanges with cities along the Belt and Road actively, and strengthen the cooperation in the field of urbanization.