等离子体种子处理对不同大豆品种镍吸收及器官分配的影响

Effects of Plasma Seed Treatment on Nickel Absorption and Organ Distribution in Different Soybean Varieties

为查明等离子体种子处理对不同大豆品种镍吸收和生长发育的影响,于2017年在吉林省农业科学院公主岭院区开展盆栽试验。试验用土采集自磐石市镍矿周边的镍污染土壤。播种前,利用等离子体种子处理机对大豆种子进行预处理,处理剂量分别是0、0.5、1.0、1.5、2.0、2.5、3.0 A,处理次数为2次。预处理后的种子放置24 h后播种于盆栽桶。结果显示,不同大豆品种对等离子体处理的反应不尽相同。吉育47和吉育71的单株生物量和镍吸收总量与处理剂量之间呈现出有统计学意义的单峰曲线趋势,吉育202和吉育82未观察到相关性。根据回归方程计算,当处理剂量为1.9~2.5 A时,吉育47和吉育71的单株生物量和镍吸收总量达到最大值,比对照提高15.3%~20.1%。从镍元素在大豆体内的分配来看,籽粒中的镍含量为1.8~3.5 mg/株,占大豆总镍吸收量43%~55%,吉育71的镍含量高于高油和常规品种。要素相关性分析表明,等离子体处理主要是通过提高大豆单株生物量,间接提高大豆单株的镍吸收量。这些结果为利用等离子体处理技术定向改造农作物重金属富集能力,促进重金属污染农田的合理开发利用、避免土地资源浪费提供借鉴和参考。

In order to find out the effect of plasma seed treatment on nickel absorption and growth of different soybean varieties,a pot experiment was carried out in Gongzhuling district of Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences in 2017.The experimental soil was collected from the nickel contaminated soil around the nickel mines in Panshi city.Before sowing,soybean seeds were pretreated with plasma,and the treatment doses were 0,0.5,1.0,1.5,2.0,2.5 and 3.0 A,respectively.The pretreated seeds were placed for 24 hours and sown in pot.The results showed that different soybean varieties had different reaction to plasma treatment.The single plant biomass and total nickel absorption of Jiyu 47 and Jiyu 71 presented a single-peak curve trend with statistical significance with the treatment dose,while no correlation was observed between Jiyu 202 and Jiyu 82.According to the regression equation,when the treatment dose was 1.9-2.5 A,the biomass per plant and total nickel absorption of Jiyu 47 and Jiyu 71 reached the maximum value,which was 15.3%-20.1%higher than the control.From the distribution of nickel in soybean,the content of nickel in seeds was 1.8-3.5 mg/plant,accounting for 43%-55%of the total nickel absorption in soybean,and the content of nickel in soybean variety Jiyu 71 was higher than that in high-oil and conventional varieties.These results provide a reference for improving the accumulation capacity of heavy metals in crops by plasma treatment,so as to promote the rational development and utilization of heavy metal polluted farmland and avoid the waste of land resources.