电动汽车参与电网调频优化策略建模与仿真

Modeling and Simulation of Optimal Strategy for Electric Vehicles Participating in Power Grid Frequency Regulation

电动汽车(electric vehicles,EVs)具有分布式储能特性,充分利用EV灵活性可以合理地向电网提供辅助服务,并获取收益。在考虑不确定性因素影响下,以电动汽车聚合商(electric vehicle aggregator,EVA)收益期望最大为目标,构建EVA参与日前能量及调频辅助服务市场投标模型。提出一种基于合约理论的实时能量分配激励策略,在社会福利最大化情况下,实现EVA调频需求量分配。通过算例仿真,对比量化了聚合不同类型EVs的EVAs参与日前能量及调频辅助服务市场的收益情况,以及分析了经过合约激励后的EVs的实时调整情况,验证了所提方法的有效性。

Electric vehicles(EVs)have similar characteristics of distributed energy storage,and making full use of the flexibility of EVs can provide ancillary services to the grid and gain benefits.Considering the influence of uncertain factors,a bidding model for electric vehicle aggregator(EVA)to participate in the day-ahead energy market and frequency regulation ancillary service market is constructed with the maximum revenue expectation of EVA as the target.A real-time energy distribution incentive strategy based on contract theory is proposed to realize the distribution of EVA’s frequency regulation demand under the condition of maximizing social welfare.Through case studies,the benefits of EVAs that aggregate different types of EVs participating in the day-ahead energy market and frequency regulation ancillary service market are compared and quantified,and the real-time energy adjustment of EVs inspired by contracts is analyzed.Simulation results show the validity of the proposed method.